| Guinau | |
|---|---|
| Temoːme̥yé̱ːmẽ̥ | |
| Native to | Venezuela |
| Region | Merevarí River |
| Ethnicity | Guinau |
| Extinct | (date missing) |
Arawakan
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | None (mis) |
| Glottolog | guin1258 |
| Linguasphere | 82-AHA-ab |
 | |
Guinau (Temomeyéme,[1] Guinau: Temoːme̥yé̱ːmẽ̥)[2][3] is an extinct Arawakan language of Venezuela,[4] formerly spoken along the Merevarí River, a tributary of the Caura River.[5] It has been sometimes considered a dialect of closely related Baré.[6] It is classified in the Rio Negro branch by Ramirez and França (2019).[7] The Guinau were absorbed into the Yeꞌkuana before 1991.[8]
Robert Hermann Schomburgk described the Guinau and their language as follows:[9]
The Guinaus inhabit the mountains, between the fourth and fifth parallel of north latitude, and the meridians 631⁄2° and 65° west from Greenwich. The greater number are settled on the banks of the Merewari (Mareguare of the Spanish maps), and its tributaries, which, with the Erevato, form the river Caura or Caora, a tributary of the great Orinoco. This tribe is not numerous, and their settlements are frequently intermixed with Maiongkongs. They are famed for the manufacture of blowpipes, which they exchange for Urari poison, that of all Guianians the Macusis know the best to prepare. Their language contains words of Caribi-Tamanakan origin, but it possesses many peculiarities which stamps it as a dialect that is only distantly related to this section, and may hereafter be separated from it.
Vocabulary
Schomburgk (1848)
⟨ae, ui⟩ represent one sound.[5]
| Guinau | Gloss | Guinau | Gloss | Guinau | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nisi | hair | totoli | knee | yamkassi | forest |
| intshebu | head | katabu | leg | wamityo | savannah |
| teiburri | front | unkui | ankle | tshaeke-weima | firewood |
| ‘nawisi | eyes | intshibe | foot | tsaba | mountain |
| intseibu | eyelashes | intshibihanshi | toes | tshiba | rock |
| intseibitzi | eyebrow | intshibi-arahu | large toe | tshimari-tshebi | bow |
| ‘nawisi tate | eyelid | intshibi-hityu | little toe | tshimari | arrow |
| intshe | nose | abba | father | wataba | blowpipe |
| ‘noma | mouth | amma | mother | hoih | war club |
| intariha | lips | papa aeyeweni | grandfather | makuri | poisoned arrow |
| ‘nahae | teeth | paki homorra | grandmother | ennehri | poisoned blowdart |
| tashini | tongue | yaenari | son | takaru | basket for carrying burdens |
| ‘nuabbi | neck | integh | daughter | tshachi | basket peculiar to the Guinau |
| kaukshi | cheeks | enari | husband1 | umatagh | pot |
| kakuta | chin | hennau | wife | urukuma | matappa |
| intsanima | beard | yiwieni | brother | manari | sieve for sifting cassava flour |
| ‘noaku | shoulder | matyu | sister | tshiba | cassava rasp or grater |
| takanne | elbow | apaharikari, apaheu | man | manokanna | jaguar |
| inkabo-akui | wrist | arriekyebo, apahoko | woman | murayu | forest deer |
| inkabo | hand | emi | boy | purrika | "savannah deer" (Pampas deer?) |
| kabhanshi | finger | hinahutyu | girl | karriaku | "smallest deer" (gray brocket?) |
| nabau-ita | fingernail | kati | earth | kwashi | dog |
| inkabo-yau | thumb | tsheke | fire | tsaema | tapir |
| inkabo | first finger | waenu | heaven | weiyurumish | agouti |
| inkabo-yetsebi | second finger | kamuhu | sun | weiyuru | laba |
| inkabo-metahi | third finger | kewari | moon | ontsaha | fish |
| inkabo-hityuna | little finger | yuwinti | stars | wamiri | cock |
| intana | arm | kaburitu | clouds | hinnau | hen |
| untoko | breast | awetshi | wind | merishi | collared peccary |
| undura | belly | hia | rain | kerauka | white-lipped peccary |
| taiïburu | navel | keimari | thunder | wuisha | calabash |
| ‘nishinni | heart | kanhi | lightning | paru | plantain |
| pashita | ribs | oni | water | mekuru | banana |
| ‘naeta | skin | arahauko | river | kantyeri | cassava |
| ‘nuiya | blood | pani | house | tsari | cassava bread |
| ‘naetina | flesh | moimahi | grass | teweshi | yam |
| ‘nabi | back | tamon-hiha | tree | ka-uh | sweet potato |
| pashi | thigh | tamona-yeka | flower | urari | curare poison |
| Guinau | Gloss | Guinau | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| yawari | coaita | kewakanni | day |
| piyawu | bat | ewi | knife |
| wari | savnnah dog | supara | cutlass |
| kabihi | South American coati | maria | axe |
| ibiha | yawari | wotshi | fishhooks |
| tebishima | pale-throated sloth | mavassi | razor |
| waetu | nine-banded armadillo | kirre-kirre | file |
| marano | Brazilian three-banded armadillo | meiyuru | glass beads |
| keyu | capybara | kurarashi | red glass beads |
| kurishai | Brazilian porcupine | irashi | scissors |
| ikuri | giant anteater | wannamari | looking glass |
| karihu | Brazilian squirrel | arripiriru | pin |
| muna | Bolivian river dolphin | makutsi | needle |
| kukui | harpy eagle | tsaeworrioko | blue, green |
| kweh | toco toucan | kannioko | red |
| tshiwari | black curassow | kritoko | yellow |
| dako | bellbird | kahauko | black |
| iïya | hoatzin | parioko | white |
| kwano | rock manakin | aha | yes |
| maradi | guan | egho marina | no |
| kuyuwi | white-headed guan | nia | to weep |
| karima | anhinga | tshakeitaba akakutyu | to laugh |
| tujuju | jabiru | ||
| marima | cocoi heron | ||
| wanare | waccara (white crane) | ||
| kunashimitzi | roseate spoonbill | ||
| huroma | Muscovy duck | ||
| visishiu | white-faced whistling duck | ||
| kuttua | neotropic cormorant | ||
| warrara | Arrau turtle | ||
| tarrikea | "small turtle" | ||
| kaiman | American crocodile | ||
| arraiyemanno | lizard | ||
| warramaka | green iguana | ||
| turraena | timber rattlesnake | ||
| mattari | boa constrictor | ||
| tshibau | frog | ||
| tukurau | blacksmith tree frog | ||
| timarui | ocellate river stingray | ||
| umaha | redeye piranha | ||
| yarinuni | Electrophorus electricus | ||
| mawishi | blunt shell | ||
| kuibashi | "savannah shell" | ||
| matutu | shell sp. | ||
| takutaku | shell sp. | ||
| toma-kurimashi | crab | ||
| tshitabo | shrimp | ||
| tsiwoyu | scorpion | ||
| araru | tarantula | ||
| ikyeba | Scolopendra morsitans | ||
| tawai | grasshopper | ||
| hannejo | mosquito | ||
| tshika | Tunga penetrans | ||
| mawni | sandfly | ||
| ureta | flea | ||
| tshaeweta | louse | ||
| pareita | 1 | ||
| yamika | 2 | ||
| piampatyam | 3 | ||
| kereha | 4 | ||
| abba kawika | 5 | ||
| yamunakatsi | 6 | ||
| abba kabo watyam kab | 8 | ||
| tshannaha ishaka akati | 9 | ||
| abba kubba-kack | 10 | ||
| tshohi | north | ||
| abbabatassi | south | ||
| kamahu atsina | east | ||
| kamahu asslabo | west | ||
| kibau | night |
Notes
- Also means "'man' in a general sense"
References
- Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Wilbert, Johannes (ed.). Classification of South American Indian Languages (PDF) (4th ed.). Latin American Center, UCLA: Latin American Center, University of California Los Angeles. p. 239. ISBN 9780879031077.
- Moseley, Christopher; Asher, R. E.; Tait, Mary (1994), Atlas of the world's languages, London ; New York: Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-01925-5
- Koch-Grunberg, Theodor (1928). Vom Roraima zum Orinoco ... Volume 4 (in German). Berlin : Dietrich Reimer (Ernest Vohsen).
- Moseley, Christopher; Asher, Ronald E. (1994). Atlas of the world's languages. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-01925-5.
- Schomburgk, Robert H. (June 1848). "Contributions to the Philological Ethnography of South America". Proceedings of the Philological Society. 3 (74): 228–237. doi:10.1111/j.1467-968X.1848.tb00093.x. ISSN 2050-5914.
- Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. (1999). "The Arawak language family". In Dixon, Robert M. W.; Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. (eds.). The Amazonian languages (PDF). Cambridge language surveys. Cambridge (GB): Cambridge university press. ISBN 978-0-521-57021-3.
- Ramirez, Henri; França, Maria Cristina Victorino de (2019-09-23). "Línguas Arawak da Bolívia". LIAMES: Línguas Indígenas Americanas. 19: e019012. doi:10.20396/liames.v19i0.8655045. ISSN 2177-7160.
- Olson, James Stuart (1991). The Indians of Central and South America: an ethnohistorical dictionary. New York: Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-26387-3.
- Schomburgk, Robert H. (1848). "Remarks to accompany a comparative vocabulary of eighteen languages and dialects of Indian Tribes inhabiting Guiana". Simmonds's Colonial Magazine. 15: 46–64.