Köhler's Deepsky Catalogue

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Köhler's Deepsky Catalogue is an astronomical catalogue assembled by Johann Gottfried Köhler in 1778. It was originally compiled in a letter to Johann Elert Bode. Although not numbered, two additional objects are listed by Köhler that he had recently discovered. [1][2] In total, the catalogue contains eleven globular clusters, four open clusters, two spiral galaxies, two elliptical galaxies, one emission nebula, one planetary nebula, two asterisms, and three lost objects. At Köhler's time, all these various objects were referred to as nebulae.

List

Köhler's Deepsky Catalogue
Köhler no.ImageCommon nameNGC/Messier no.
K 1An infrared view of the Messier 22 globular cluster (eso2413d) (cropped)Great Sagittarius ClusterMessier 22
K 2M28 is a globular cluster in the constellation Sagittarius. Slightly elliptical in shape, it is around 80 light-years across and some 18000 light-years away.Messier 28
K 3LagoonHunterWilsonLagoon NebulaMessier 8
K 4M10, or NGC6254, is a seventh magnitude globular cluster in the constellation Ophiuchus, close to M12. About 16000 light-years away and about 70 light-years across, M10 on the sky has about half the diameter of the full moon.Messier 10
K 5Gumball GlobularMessier 12
K 6The Dumbbell Nebula, Messier object 27 (M27), NGC 6853, in the constellation Vulpecula, as seen by the Kitt Peak 4-meter Mayall telescope in 1988.Dumbbell NebulaMessier 27
K 7M71Angelfish ClusterMessier 71
K 8A Bode's GalaxyMessier 81
K 8BCigar GalaxyMessier 82
K 9
K 10Pinwheel ClusterMessier 36
K 10Starfish ClusterMessier 38
K 12
K 13Rose ClusterMessier 5
K 14Messier 2 -HST-L hlsp acsggct hst acs-wfc ngc7089 f606w-AB R814GB606Messier 2
K 15Great Pegasus ClusterMessier 15
K 16Lost
K 17ALost
K 17BLost
K 18Great Hercules ClusterMessier 13
K 19Golden Eye ClusterMessier 67
K 20Wild Duck ClusterMessier 11
Messier 59
Messier 60

Mistakes

Köhler identified Bode's Galaxy and the Cigar Galaxy both under K 8. They are now clafiried as K 8A and K 8B respectively. K 9 is not an object but an asterism made of Rho Ursae Majoris, Sigma1 Ursae Majoris, and Sigma2 Ursae Majoris. K 12 is also an asterism, comprising 63, 64, 65, and 66 Andromedae. K 16 is considered a lost object, described as being located near 3 Vulpeculae. For K 17A and K 17B, Köhler describes two nebulas in the constellation Canes Venatici. However, it is unknown what objects this refers to.

References