Phoebe hainesiana

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Phoebe bootanica
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Embryophytes
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Spermatophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Magnoliids
Order: Laurales
Family: Lauraceae
Genus: Phoebe
Species:
P. bootanica
Binomial name
Phoebe bootanica
Synonyms[2]
  • Machilus bootanicus Meisn.
  • Persea bootanica (Meisn.) Kosterm.
  • Phoebe assamica Kalyankumar
  • Phoebe cooperiana P.C.Kanjilal & Das
  • Phoebe goalparensis Hutch.
  • Phoebe hainesiana Brandis

Phoebe bootanica (Meitei: Uningthou;[3][4] literally, "tree king" or "wood king"[3]) is a species of tree in the family Lauraceae[5] It is native to the central and eastern Himalayas, including Nepal and Bhutan, and northeastern India.[2] It is the state tree of Manipur.[6] It can grow up to 30 metres tall. Its natural habitat is moist subtropical to temperate montane forests from 1,300 to 1,600 metres elevation. The species is threatened with habitat loss from deforestation for agriculture, plantations, and timber extraction. The IUCN Red List assesses the species as Endangered.[1]

The species was first described as Machilus bootanicus by Carl Meissner in 1864. In 2011 Mohan Gangopadhyay placed the species in genus Phoebe as P. bootanica.[2]

References

  1. de Kok, R. (2023). "Phoebe bootanica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2023 e.T177756483A62020480. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T177756483A62020480.en. Retrieved 5 May 2026.
  2. "Phoebe bootanica (Meisn.) M.Gangop". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 5 May 2026.
  3. Sharma, H. Surmangol (2006). "Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary.Uningthou". dsal.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2022-07-26.
  4. Tamang, Jyoti Prakash (2020-03-02). Ethnic Fermented Foods and Beverages of India: Science History and Culture. Springer Nature. p. 353. ISBN 978-981-15-1486-9.
  5. Hooker, William Jackson; Hooker, Joseph Dalton (eds.), "Tabula 2801 Phoebe hainesiana, Brandis. Lauraceae. Tribus Perseae", Icones plantarum or figures, with brief descriptive characters and remarks, of new or rare plants, selected from the author's herbarium
  6. "State Tree of Manipur" (PDF). bsienvis.nic.in. Retrieved 20 July 2016.