A revolute joint (also called pin joint or hinge joint) is a kinematic pair with one degree of freedom used in mechanisms and machines.[1] The joint constrains the motion of two bodies to pure rotation along a common axis. The joint does not allow translation, or sliding linear motion, a constraint not shown in the diagram. Revolute joints are common in assemblies of multiple moving bodies.[1] Revolute joints are used in numerous applications such as door hinges and other uniaxial rotation devices.[2]
A revolute joint is usually made by a pin or knuckle joint, through a rotary bearing. It enforces a cylindrical contact area, which makes it a lower kinematic pair, also called a full joint. However, if there is any clearance between the pin and hole (as there must be for motion), so-called surface contact in the pin joint actually becomes line contact.[1]
The contact between the inner and outer cylindrical surfaces is usually assumed to be frictionless. But some simplified models assume linear viscous damping in the form
T
=
B
ω
{\displaystyle T=B\,\omega }
References
- Norton, Robert L. (2008). "Kinematics Fundamentals". Design of Machinery: An Introduction to the Synthesis and Analysis of Mechanisms and Machines. McGraw-Hill series in mechanical engineering (4th ed.). Dubuque, IA: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. p. 33. ISBN 978-0-07-312158-1. LCCN 2007020943.
- Robotics Research Group. "Joint Types". Archived from the original on March 11, 2009. Retrieved February 4, 2009.
- Moore, Jacob. "Bearing Friction". Mechanics Map. Archived from the original on June 6, 2020. Retrieved June 6, 2020.