Xuanhua
宣化区 Suanhwa; Süanhwa | |
|---|---|
 Qingyuan Tower (Bell Tower) | |
.png) Location of Zhangjiakou in Hebei | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Hebei |
| Prefecture-level city | Zhangjiakou |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Website | www |
Xuanhua is an urban district of Zhangjiakou in northwestern Hebei Province, China.
Xuanhua is a very old city with a rich military and agricultural history. Xuanhua was historically the "Gateway to Beijing", which lies 180 km (112 mi) to its southeast. As a city with a large garrison close to the capital, it was strategically vital. It now has a population of 274,000 people. In modern times it has also become an industrial area, and now contains a high-tech development zone where new developments are being promoted by the government of Hebei Province.
History
The remains of the Kingdom of Yan era city of Zaoyang (造陽) can be located in the northeast of Xuanhua District.
Xuanhua is home to a Liao (10th-12th c.) tomb with a colored star atlas painted with 268 stars including the sun, the moon, and the five planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn.
In the late 14th century, prior to his elevation to emperor of the Ming Empire, Zhu Di ruled his principality of Yan from Xuanhua. Under the Qing, it continued to serve as the seat of a prefecture and was known to the Jesuit missionaries as "Suen-hao-fou".[1]
In January 2016, the former rural Xuanhua County surrounding the urban Xuanhua merged with the urban Xuanhua District to established Greater Xuanhua District with both rural and urban area combined.
Military
Xuanhua was the garrison headquarters for the soldiers on the Xuanda-Shanxi Military Area, one of the three military governorships of the Great Wall in the Ming Dynasty. It commanded Xuanfu Zhen, Datong Zhen, and Shanxi Zhen along the Great Wall.
Xuanhua has a set of city walls built in the Ming Dynasty which are still partly intact.
Agriculture
Known in ancient times as "The Grape Town," Xuanhua farmers grow a wide variety of grapes. Some grapes are used for wine production, but much of the crop is sold as fruit. In autumn, a large number of farmers sell grapes on streetsides out of hand-carts or trucks.
Industry
Xuanhua contains
- coal
- iron
- gold
- amargosite
- rich shale
- dolomite
- bentonite - Xuanhua has one of the largest deposits of bentonite in China.
and other mineral resources.
Its key industries are
- metallurgy
- machinery manufacturing
- chemical production
- electrical power generation
- papermaking
- woolskin tanning
and
- brewing - the locally produced beer is "Zhōnglóu Píjiǔ" (钟楼啤酒) or Bell-tower Beer.
Administrative divisions
Subdistricts:[2]
- Tianqinsi Subdistrict (天泰寺街道), Huangcheng Subdistrict (皇城街道), Nanguan Subdistrict (南关街道), Nanda Avenue Subdistrict (南大街街道), Dabei Avenue Subdistrict (大北街街道), Gongye Avenue Subdistrict (工业街街道), Jianguo Avenue Subdistrict (建国街街道)
Towns:
- Pangjiabu Town (庞家堡镇), Yanghenan Town (洋河南镇), Shenjing Town (深井镇), Guocun Town (崞村镇), Jiajiaying Town (贾家营镇), Gujiaying Town (顾家营镇), Zhaochuan Town (赵川镇)
Townships:
- Hezixi Township (河子西乡), Chunguang Township (春光乡), Houjiamiao Township (侯家庙乡), Wangjiawan Township (王家湾乡), Tarcun Township (塔儿村乡), Jiangjiatun Township (江家屯乡), Lijiabu Township (李家堡乡)
Climate
| Climate data for Xuanhua, elevation 629 m (2,064 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 9.8 (49.6) |
17.9 (64.2) |
26.5 (79.7) |
34.1 (93.4) |
38.4 (101.1) |
39.0 (102.2) |
41.2 (106.2) |
36.5 (97.7) |
36.1 (97.0) |
29.2 (84.6) |
20.0 (68.0) |
14.9 (58.8) |
41.2 (106.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −1.9 (28.6) |
3.0 (37.4) |
10.4 (50.7) |
19.1 (66.4) |
25.7 (78.3) |
29.2 (84.6) |
29.8 (85.6) |
28.7 (83.7) |
24.2 (75.6) |
16.6 (61.9) |
6.8 (44.2) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
15.9 (60.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −9.6 (14.7) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
2.6 (36.7) |
11.1 (52.0) |
18.1 (64.6) |
22.0 (71.6) |
23.5 (74.3) |
21.8 (71.2) |
16.2 (61.2) |
8.7 (47.7) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−7.9 (17.8) |
8.4 (47.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −15.5 (4.1) |
−11.4 (11.5) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
3.3 (37.9) |
10.3 (50.5) |
15.1 (59.2) |
17.8 (64.0) |
16.0 (60.8) |
9.5 (49.1) |
2.0 (35.6) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
−13.3 (8.1) |
2.0 (35.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −28.2 (−18.8) |
−25.1 (−13.2) |
−23.7 (−10.7) |
−9.0 (15.8) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
5.4 (41.7) |
8.0 (46.4) |
6.6 (43.9) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
−11.1 (12.0) |
−20.9 (−5.6) |
−24.6 (−12.3) |
−28.2 (−18.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1.4 (0.06) |
2.5 (0.10) |
7.7 (0.30) |
16.9 (0.67) |
32.9 (1.30) |
67.3 (2.65) |
91.9 (3.62) |
68.8 (2.71) |
56.3 (2.22) |
23.0 (0.91) |
8.3 (0.33) |
1.7 (0.07) |
378.7 (14.94) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.6 | 2.3 | 3.6 | 4.9 | 7.5 | 10.8 | 12.5 | 10.4 | 8.9 | 5.4 | 2.9 | 1.9 | 72.7 |
| Average snowy days | 2.6 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 14.4 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 49 | 43 | 41 | 38 | 41 | 55 | 71 | 73 | 68 | 59 | 55 | 51 | 54 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 194.7 | 199.3 | 239.3 | 256.5 | 281.1 | 260.8 | 249.3 | 250.9 | 231.5 | 221.3 | 187.9 | 181.1 | 2,753.7 |
| Percentage possible sunshine | 65 | 66 | 64 | 64 | 63 | 58 | 55 | 60 | 63 | 65 | 64 | 63 | 63 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[3][4]all-time May high[5] | |||||||||||||
References
Citations
- Du Halde, Description of China, Vol. I, p. 140.
- 张家口市-行政区划网
- 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
- "Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
- "Sina Visitor System" 【高温和降温】今天高温榜，河北涿鹿排名全国第一。而且包括涿鹿、张家口等城市，今天河北内蒙古有8个站点打破当地5月最高气温纪录。内蒙古二连浩特，也是连续2天刷新了当地5月中旬最高纪录。今天有5个省会直辖市气温创今年新高。天津西青34.6℃、石家庄34.3℃，距离高温不到1℃。 未来暖脊继续缓慢东移，暖脊后侧也有冷空气东移。因此中东部多地，未来将会先热后凉。明天降温核心区在蒙古国南部，东北等地气温可能还会创新高。沈阳明天可能是今年首次上30℃，济南如果南风下沉增温明显，也可能拿下今年首个35℃高温。此外受到副高影响，海口也可能高温，南宁34℃可能创今年新高。 15日冷空气会导致内蒙古中东部、黑龙江多地出现10℃以上降温。尤其是内蒙古东部，局地降温可能超20℃。之后因为高压的阻挡，冷空气东移南下很缓慢，但后续从新疆一带的冷涡里，还有冷空气补充东移南下，加上本周末到下周，中东部阴雨增多，气温可能出现震荡下滑。多地气温从偏高打回正常甚至转偏低。 比如太原14日最高33℃，18日最高18℃，过程降温15℃；天津今天34.6℃，18日23℃；石家庄今天34.3℃，18日22℃；济南14日最高35℃，19日最高24℃，过程降温都会超10℃。总之，华北多地入夏大概率会成功，但春装依然不能彻底收起来，下周还会派上用场。 (in Simplified Chinese). weatherman_信欣 on Weibo. Retrieved 13 May 2026.
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Bibliography
- "Favorable Environment For Investment & Foreign Cooperation Projects in Xuanhua Prefecture". China Business World. Archived from the original on March 10, 2005. Retrieved March 24, 2005.
- "Xuanhua Grapes". Click China. Archived from the original on 2004-11-22. Retrieved March 24, 2005.
- "meet-greatwall". South China Morning Post. Retrieved March 24, 2005.
40°035′N 115°02′E / 40.583°N 115.033°E / 40.583; 115.033