2026 California Golden Bears football team

2026 California Golden Bears football

Conference	Atlantic Coast Conference
Record	0–0 (0–0 ACC)
Head coach	Tosh Lupoi (1st season)
Offensive coordinator	Jordan Somerville (1st season)
Co-offensive coordinator	Ike Hilliard (1st season)
Defensive coordinator	Michael Hutchings (1st season)
Co-defensive coordinator	Da'Von Brown (1st season)
Home stadium	California Memorial Stadium

2026 Atlantic Coast Conference football standings

Team	W		L	W		L
Boston College	0	–	0	0	–	0
California	0	–	0	0	–	0
Clemson	0	–	0	0	–	0
Duke	0	–	0	0	–	0
Florida State	0	–	0	0	–	0
Georgia Tech	0	–	0	0	–	0
Louisville	0	–	0	0	–	0
Miami (FL)	0	–	0	0	–	0
NC State	0	–	0	0	–	0
North Carolina	0	–	0	0	–	0
Pittsburgh	0	–	0	0	–	0
SMU	0	–	0	0	–	0
Stanford	0	–	0	0	–	0
Syracuse	0	–	0	0	–	0
Virginia	0	–	0	0	–	0
Virginia Tech	0	–	0	0	–	0
Wake Forest	0	–	0	0	–	0
Championship: December 5, 2026
As of July 6, 2026 Rankings from AP poll

The 2026 California Golden Bears football team will represent the University of California, Berkeley in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) during the 2026 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Golden Bears will be led by Tosh Lupoi in his first year as the head coach.^[1] The Golden Bears will play their home games at California Memorial Stadium located in Berkeley, California.

Offseason

Coaching staff changes

Additions

Name	Position	Prev. team	Prev. position

Departures

Name	Position	New team	New position

Transfers

Incoming

**Incoming transfers**
Name	Pos.	Height	Weight	Hometown	Prev. school
Solomon Williams	EDGE	6'2"	255 lbs	Tampa, FL	Texas A&M
Jacob Arop	OT	6'5.5"	260 lbs	Bellevue, NE	South Dakota
Ian Strong	WR	6'4"	190 lbs	Middle Island, NY	Rutgers
Kingston Lopa	S	6'3"	195 lbs	Sacramento, CA	Oregon
Adam Mohammed	RB	6'0"	180 lbs	Glendale, AZ	Washington
Dorian Thomas	TE	6'4"	215 lbs	Kent, WA	New Mexico
Ashten Emory	RB	5'11"	185 lbs	Dallas, TX	UTEP
Carter Vargas	RB	5'11"	190 lbs	Santa Maria, CA	UC Davis
Mykeal Rabess	OT	6'7"	320 lbs	Miami, FL	FIU
Chase Hendricks	WR	5'10"	182 lbs	St. Louis, MO	Ohio
Michael Hurst Jr.	S	6'0"	185 lbs	Los Angeles, CA	Northern Arizona
Tristan Jernigan	LB	6'0.5"	215 lbs	Tupelo, MS	Texas A&M
Jimothy Lewis	OT	6'5"	300 lbs	Madison, MS	Mississippi State
Ashun Shepphard	DL	6'3"	285 lbs	Louisville, MS	Mississippi State
Justin Beadles	DL	6'6"	232 lbs	Tyrone, GA	Louisville
Towns McGough	K	6'0"	180 lbs	Auburn, AL	Auburn
Marquis Groves-Killebrew	CB	6'0"	172 lbs	Snellville, GA	Arizona
Cooper Perry	WR	6'0.5"	185 lbs	Scottsdale, AZ	Oregon
Kahlee Tafai	IOL	6'6"	300 lbs	Lawndale, CA	Minnesota
Ashton Rivera	IOL	6'2"	310 lbs	Cape Coral, FL	Kent State
Daniel Harris	CB	6'2"	175 lbs	Miami, FL	Georgia
Angus Davies	P	6'1"	195 lbs	Victoria, AUS	Tulsa
Emmanuel Okoye	EDGE	6'5"	228 lbs	London, England	Tennessee
Jayden Williams	DL	6'2"	285 lbs	Monroe, LA	North Texas
Jackson Brousseau	QB	6'3"	209 lbs	Lehi, UT	Colorado State
Jericho Johnson	DL	6'3"	360 lbs	Fairfield, CA	Oregon
Ricky Fletcher	CB	6'2"	175 lbs	Lexington, MS	Ole Miss
Joshua Pierce	EDGE	6'4"	260 lbs	Grosse Pointe, MI	North Texas
Kamar Mothudi	LB	6'3"	225 lbs	Los Angeles, CA	Oregon
AJ Tuitele	LB	6'3"	205 lbs	North Las Vegas, NV	USC
Rico Walker	TE	6'3"	234 lbs	Hickory, NC	Purdue
David Bird	LS	6'0"	200 lbs	Phoenix, AZ	Alabama

^[2]^[3]^[4]

Outgoing

**Outgoing transfers**
Name	Pos.	Height	Weight	Hometown	New school
Abram Murray	K	6'1"	180 lbs	Shreveport, LA	Louisiana–Monroe
Syris Corley	OT	6'5"	275 lbs	Taylor, TX	TBD
Michael Kern	P	6'3"	170 lbs	Fort Lauderdale, FL	New Mexico
Ben Marshall	TE	6'5"	220 lbs	Murfreesboro, TN	Austin Peay
Belay Brummel	QB	6'2"	180 lbs	Chicago, IL	TBD
Aidan Keanaaina	DL	6'3"	292 lbs	Denver, CO	TBD
Jayden Dixon-Veal	WR	6'0"	185 lbs	Rancho Cucamonga, CA	TBD
Myles Reber	WR	5'10"	185 lbs	Santa Cruz, CA	TBD
Jordan Spasojevic-Moko	IOL	6'5"	300 lbs	Brisbane, AUS	Paris Musketeers
Lajuan Owens	OT	6'4"	325 lbs	Keller, TX	Central Arkansas
Dazmin James	WR	6'1"	180 lbs	Clayton, NC	Appalachian State
Brook Honore	P	6'0"	185 lbs	Manvel, TX	South Dakota
Isaac Torres	WR	6'4"	210 lbs	Santa Rosa, CA	TBD
Ryan McCulloch	EDGE	6'3"	235 lbs	Arcadia, CA	UCLA
Luke Ferrelli	LB	6'3"	215 lbs	Carlsbad, CA	Ole Miss
Eze Osondu	LB	6'3"	215 lbs	Trophy Club, TX	UTSA
TJ Bush	EDGE	6'3"	250 lbs	Woodbridge, VA	Minnesota
Braden Miller	OT	6'7"	285 lbs	Aurora, CO	Duke
Curlee Thomas	LB	6'4"	240 lbs	Fort Worth, TX	North Texas
Rino Monteforte	LS	5'9"	215 lbs	Uniondale, NY	Kansas
Ike Okafor	DL	6'4"	255 lbs	Houston, TX	Washington State
Landon Morris	TE	6'5"	240 lbs	Fishers, IN	Wake Forest
Nick Morrow	OT	6'8"	315 lbs	Flagstaff, AZ	Kansas
Buom Jock	LB	6'5"	203 lbs	Alexandria, VA	Wake Forest
Tyson Ford	DL	6'4.2"	265 lbs	St. Louis, MO	UCLA
Kendrick Raphael	RB	5'10"	187 lbs	Naples, FL	SMU
Cade Uluave	LB	6'1"	235 lbs	Herriman, UT	BYU
Devin Brown	QB	6'2.5"	196 lbs	Draper, UT	Weber State
Brandon High	RB	5'10"	204 lbs	Spring, TX	UTSA
Daveion Harley	IOL	6'2"	300 lbs	Quincy, FL	FIU
Kaden Cook	CB	6'0"	170 lbs	Round Rock, TX	Jacksonville State
Leon Bell	OT	6'8"	300 lbs	Dickinson, TX	Colorado
Jaiven Plummer	WR	6'3"	194 lbs	Alexandria, VA	Georgia Tech
Jacob Houseworth	TE	6'4"	225 lbs	Fortuna, CA	UC Davis
Harrison Taggart	LB	6'2"	200 lbs	Draper, UT	Utah State

^[2]^[3]^[5]

NFL draft

2026 NFL draft class
Player	Round	Pick No.	Position	Team	Source
Hezekiah Masses	5	175	CB	Las Vegas Raiders	^[6]

Recruiting class

College recruiting information
Name	Hometown	School	Height	Weight	Commit date
Overall recruit ranking:
Note: In many cases, Scout, Rivals, 247Sports, On3, and ESPN may conflict in their listings of height and weight. In these cases, the average was taken. ESPN grades are on a 100-point scale. Sources: "2026 Team Ranking". Rivals.com. Retrieved May 30, 2026.

Schedule

Date	Time	Opponent	Site	TV
September 5	7:30 p.m.	UCLA*	California Memorial Stadium Berkeley, CA (rivalry)	ESPN
September 12	12:30 p.m.	at Syracuse	JMA Wireless Dome Syracuse, NY	ACCN
September 19	12:30 p.m.	Wagner*	California Memorial Stadium Berkeley, CA	ACCNX
September 25	7:30 p.m.	Clemson	California Memorial Stadium Berkeley, CA	ESPN
October 3	12:30 p.m.	at UNLV*	Allegiant Stadium Paradise, NV	CBSSN
October 10		Virginia Tech	California Memorial Stadium Berkeley, CA
October 17		Wake Forest	California Memorial Stadium Berkeley, CA
October 24		at SMU	Gerald J. Ford Stadium University Park, TX
October 31		at NC State	Carter–Finley Stadium Raleigh, NC
November 14		at Virginia	Scott Stadium Charlottesville, VA
November 21		Stanford	California Memorial Stadium Berkeley, CA (Big Game)
November 28		Pittsburgh	California Memorial Stadium Berkeley, CA
*Non-conference game Homecoming All times are in Pacific time

Sources:^[7]^[8]

Game summaries

vs. UCLA

UCLA Bruins (0–0) at California Golden Bears (0–0) – Game summary

Quarter	1	2	3	4	Total
Bruins	0	0	0	0	0
Golden Bears	0	0	0	0	0

at California Memorial Stadium • Berkeley, California

Date: September 5
Game time: 7:30 p.m. PDT
TV: ESPN

Statistics	UCLA	CAL
First downs
Plays–yards
Rushes–yards
Passing yards
Passing: comp–att–int
Time of possession

Team	Category	Player	Statistics
UCLA	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving
California	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving

at Syracuse

California Golden Bears (0–0) at Syracuse Orange (0–0) – Game summary

Quarter	1	2	3	4	Total
Golden Bears	0	0	0	0	0
Orange	0	0	0	0	0

at JMA Wireless Dome • Syracuse, New York

Date: September 12
Game time: 12:30 p.m. PDT
TV: ACCN

Statistics	CAL	SYR
First downs
Plays–yards
Rushes–yards
Passing yards
Passing: comp–att–int
Time of possession

Team	Category	Player	Statistics
California	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving
Syracuse	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving

vs. Wagner

Wagner Seahawks (0–0) at California Golden Bears (0–0) – Game summary

Quarter	1	2	3	4	Total
Seahawks (FCS)	0	0	0	0	0
Golden Bears	0	0	0	0	0

at California Memorial Stadium • Berkeley, California

Date: September 19
Game time: 12:30 p.m. PDT
TV: ACCNX

Statistics	WAG	CAL
First downs
Plays–yards
Rushes–yards
Passing yards
Passing: comp–att–int
Time of possession

Team	Category	Player	Statistics
Wagner	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving
California	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving

vs. Clemson

Clemson Tigers (0–0) at California Golden Bears (0–0) – Game summary

Quarter	1	2	3	4	Total
Tigers	0	0	0	0	0
Golden Bears	0	0	0	0	0

at California Memorial Stadium • Berkeley, California

Date: September 25
Game time: 7:30 p.m. PDT
TV: ESPN

Statistics	CLEM	CAL
First downs
Plays–yards
Rushes–yards
Passing yards
Passing: comp–att–int
Time of possession

Team	Category	Player	Statistics
Clemson	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving
California	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving

at UNLV

California Golden Bears (0–0) at UNLV Rebels (0–0) – Game summary

Quarter	1	2	3	4	Total
Golden Bears	0	0	0	0	0
Rebels	0	0	0	0	0

at Allegiant Stadium • Paradise, Nevada

Date: October 3
Game time: 12:30 p.m. PDT
Game weather: None (indoor stadium)
TV: CBSSN

Statistics	CAL	UNLV
First downs
Plays–yards
Rushes–yards
Passing yards
Passing: comp–att–int
Time of possession

Team	Category	Player	Statistics
California	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving
UNLV	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving

vs. Virginia Tech

Virginia Tech Hokies (0–0) at California Golden Bears (0–0) – Game summary

Quarter	1	2	3	4	Total
Hokies	0	0	0	0	0
Golden Bears	0	0	0	0	0

at California Memorial Stadium • Berkeley, California

Date: October 10
Game time: TBD

Statistics	VT	CAL
First downs
Plays–yards
Rushes–yards
Passing yards
Passing: comp–att–int
Time of possession

Team	Category	Player	Statistics
Virginia Tech	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving
California	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving

vs. Wake Forest

Wake Forest Demon Deacons (0–0) at California Golden Bears (0–0) – Game summary

Quarter	1	2	3	4	Total
Demon Deacons	0	0	0	0	0
Golden Bears	0	0	0	0	0

at California Memorial Stadium • Berkeley, California

Date: October 17
Game time: TBD

Statistics	WAKE	CAL
First downs
Plays–yards
Rushes–yards
Passing yards
Passing: comp–att–int
Time of possession

Team	Category	Player	Statistics
Wake Forest	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving
California	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving

at SMU

California Golden Bears (0–0) at SMU Mustangs (0–0) – Game summary

Quarter	1	2	3	4	Total
Golden Bears	0	0	0	0	0
Mustangs	0	0	0	0	0

at Gerald J. Ford Stadium • University Park, Texas

Date: October 24
Game time: TBD

Statistics	CAL	SMU
First downs
Plays–yards
Rushes–yards
Passing yards
Passing: comp–att–int
Time of possession

Team	Category	Player	Statistics
California	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving
SMU	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving

at NC State

California Golden Bears (0–0) at NC State Wolfpack (0–0) – Game summary

Quarter	1	2	3	4	Total
Golden Bears	0	0	0	0	0
Wolfpack	0	0	0	0	0

at Carter–Finley Stadium • Raleigh, North Carolina

Date: October 31
Game time: TBD

Statistics	CAL	NCSU
First downs
Plays–yards
Rushes–yards
Passing yards
Passing: comp–att–int
Time of possession

Team	Category	Player	Statistics
California	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving
NC State	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving

at Virginia

California Golden Bears (0–0) at Virginia Cavaliers (0–0) – Game summary

Quarter	1	2	3	4	Total
Golden Bears	0	0	0	0	0
Cavaliers	0	0	0	0	0

at Scott Stadium • Charlottesville, Virginia

Date: November 14
Game time: TBD

Statistics	CAL	UVA
First downs
Plays–yards
Rushes–yards
Passing yards
Passing: comp–att–int
Time of possession

Team	Category	Player	Statistics
California	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving
Virginia	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving

vs. Stanford

Stanford Cardinal (0–0) at California Golden Bears (0–0) – Game summary

Quarter	1	2	3	4	Total
Cardinal	0	0	0	0	0
Golden Bears	0	0	0	0	0

at California Memorial Stadium • Berkeley, California

Date: November 21
Game time: TBD

Statistics	STAN	CAL
First downs
Plays–yards
Rushes–yards
Passing yards
Passing: comp–att–int
Time of possession

Team	Category	Player	Statistics
Stanford	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving
California	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving

vs. Pittsburgh

Pittsburgh Panthers (0–0) at California Golden Bears (0–0) – Game summary

Quarter	1	2	3	4	Total
Panthers	0	0	0	0	0
Golden Bears	0	0	0	0	0

at California Memorial Stadium • Berkeley, California

Date: November 28
Game time: TBD

Statistics	PITT	CAL
First downs
Plays–yards
Rushes–yards
Passing yards
Passing: comp–att–int
Time of possession

Team	Category	Player	Statistics
Pittsburgh	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving
California	Passing
	Rushing
	Receiving

Awards and honors

Player of the week honors

Weekly awards
Player	Award	Week awarded	Ref.

All-conference teams

All-ACC Football Team
Player	Award	Position	Ref.

Individual awards

ACC individual awards
Player	Award	Ref.

Roster

2026 California Golden Bears football team roster

Players

Coaches

Offense

Pos.	#	Name	Class
TE	`0`	Dorian Thomas	Jr
RB	`1`	Carter Vargas	So
QB	`2`	EJ Caminong	So
QB	`3`	Jaron-Keawe Sagapolutele	So
WR	`4`	Jordan King	Sr
WR	`5`	QuaRon Adams	Sr
WR	`6`	Kyion Grayes	Jr
WR	`7`	Chase Hendricks	Sr
TE	`8`	Rico Walker	Sr
WR	`9`	Ian Strong	Sr
WR	`10`	Cooper Perry	So
QB	`11`	Jackson Brousseau	Jr
RB	`13`	Victor Santino	Fr
QB	`14`	Dominic Ingrassia	So
WR	`15`	Mark Hamper	Jr
WR	`16`	Kai Meza	Fr
QB	`17`	Alonzo Esparza	Fr
QB	`18`	Nainoa Lopes	Fr
WR	`19`	Trevor Rogers	So
RB	`20`	Ashten Emory	So
WR	`21`	Carson Perry-Smith	So
TE	`22`	Taimane Purcell	Fr
RB	`23`	Jayden Parker	So
RB	`24`	Adam Mohammed	Jr
RB	`25`	Anthony League	Fr
RB	`33`	Dean-Taylor Chapman	Jr
TE	`44`	John Tofi Jr.	Fr
OL	`51`	Kahlee Tafai	Jr
OL	`52`	Elisha Faamatuainu	Fr
OL	`54`	Frederick Williams III	Jr
OL	`55`	Daniel McMorris	Fr
OL	`56`	Tyson Ruffins	Jr
OL	`58`	Ashton Rivera	Jr
OL	`65`	Justin Hasenhuetl	Fr
OL	`66`	Sam Bjerke	So
OL	`68`	Jojo Genova	Fr
OL	`70`	Mykeal Rabess	Jr
OL	`71`	Sioape Vatikani	Sr
OL	`72`	Ben Howard	Fr
OL	`73`	Kamo'i Huihui-White	Fr
OL	`74`	Michael Klisiewicz	Fr
OL	`75`	Jacob Arp	So
OL	`76`	Bastian Swinney	Sr
OL	`77`	Jimothy Lewis Jr.	So
OL	`78`	Lamar Robinson	Sr
OL	`79`	Esaiah Wong	Fr
WR	`82`	Cole Boscia	Sr
TE	`85`	Mason Mini	Jr
WR	`87`	Meyer Swinney	Fr
TE	`90`	Jack Olyphant	So

Defense

Pos.	#	Name	Class
OLB	`0`	Solomon Williams	So
DB	`1`	Ricky Fletcher	Sr
DB	`2`	Kingston Lopa	So
ILB	`3`	Kamar Mothudi	So
OLB	`4`	Justin Beadles	Sr
DB	`5`	Marquis Groves-Killebrew	Sr
OLB	`6`	Emmanuel Okoye	So
DB	`7`	Daniel Harris	Sr
DB	`8`	Jasiah Wagoner	Jr
ILB	`9`	AJ Tuitele	Fr
OLB	`10`	Jayden Wayne	Sr
DB	`11`	Dayday Aupiu	So
DB	`13`	Jae'on Young	Fr
DB	`14`	Aiden Manutai	So
OLB	`15`	Joshua Pierce	Jr
DB	`16`	Michael Hurst Jr.	Sr
DB	`17`	Jordan Sanford	Sr
OLB	`18`	Serigne Tounkara	So
OLB	`19`	Odera Okaka	Sr
DB	`20`	Cam Sidney	Sr
ILB	`21`	Aaron Hampton	Jr
DB	`22`	Tristan Dunn	Sr
DB	`23`	Isaiah Crosby	Jr
DB	`24`	Quimari Shemwell	Jr
DB	`25`	Khamani Hudson	Fr
DB	`26`	Niles Davis	Fr
DB	`28`	Tre' Harrison	Fr
DB	`30`	Mayze Bryant	Jr
ILB	`32`	Tristan Jernigan	So
ILB	`33`	JD McKinley	Fr
DB	`34`	Tobey Weydemuller	So
OLB	`36`	Jude McLellan	So
DB	`38`	Nate Escalada	Jr
OLB	`39`	Michael Cooley	Jr
DL	`43`	Lucky Schirmer	Fr
DL	`44`	Jericho Johnson	So
ILB	`45`	Beckham Barney	Fr
DL	`51`	Jayden Williams	Jr
DL	`55`	BJ Canady	So
DL	`56`	Legend Journey	So
ILB	`57`	B. J. Jones	Jr
DL	`92`	LeBron Williams	Fr
DL	`93`	R. J. Stephens	Jr
DL	`94`	Stanley Saole-McKenzie	Sr
DL	`96`	Derek Wilkins	Sr
DL	`97`	Michael-Anthony Okwura	So
DL	`98`	Nate Burrell	Sr
DL	`99`	Ashun Shepphard	Sr

Special teams

Pos.	#	Name	Class
P	`29`	Angus Davies	Sr
LS	`31`	Jordan Franke	Jr
K	`33`	Towns McGough	So
K, P	`37`	Erik Peters	Fr
LS	`45`	David Bird	Sr
LS	`48`	Ewan Arechaederra	So
K	`91`	Chase Meyer	Sr

Head coach

Tosh Lupoi

Coordinators/assistant coaches

Nick Rolovich – Associate head coach/quarterbacks
Michael Hutchings – Defensive coordinator
Jordan Somerville – Offensive coordinator
Zach Tinker – Special teams coordinator
Ike Hilliard – Wide receivers/co-offensive coordinator
Steve Haunga – Tight ends/run game coordinator
Keith Bhonapha – Running backs/recruiting coordinator
Pat McCann – Offensive pass game coordinator
Famika Anae – Offensive lineman
Da'Von Brown – Defensive backs/co-defensive coordinator
Keith Heyward – Defensive pass game coordinator
Darrion Daniels – Defensive linemen/pass rush specialist
Bryan Barraza – Edge
Bob Gregory – Inside linebackers
Connor Boyd – Safeties
Jeff McDaniels – Assistant quarterbacks
Geoff McArthur – Assistant wide receivers
Mike Saffell – Assistant tight ends
Ryan Barry – Assistant to defensive coordinator
Eddy McGilvra – Assistant defensive line
Lorenzo Alexander – Assistant edge
Sione Ta'ufo'ou – Assistant inside linebackers
Duke DaRe – Assistant defensive backs
Quintin Somerville – Defensive analyst
Jason Novak – Director, athletic performance
Zach Werlinger – Quality control, special teams

Legend

(C) Team captain
(S) Suspended
(I) Ineligible

Injured
Redshirt

Roster
Last update: 5/30/26

^[9]

References

"Tosh Lupoi Named Travers Family Head Football Coach". California Golden Bears Athletics. December 4, 2025. Retrieved December 4, 2025.
"California Golden Bears 2026 College Football Transfer Portal". 247Sports. Retrieved May 30, 2026.
"2026 California Golden Bears Football Transfers". On3. Retrieved May 30, 2026.
"Cal Adds 34 To 2026 Football Roster". California Golden Bears Athletics. February 4, 2026. Retrieved May 30, 2026.
Harlin, Tucker (February 1, 2026). "College football program loses 32 players to transfer portal". College Football HQ on SI. Retrieved May 30, 2026.
Edwards, Levi (April 25, 2026). "Raiders select CB Hezekiah Masses with the No. 175 overall pick". Raiders.com. Retrieved May 30, 2026.
"2026 California Football Schedule". FBS Schedules. Retrieved 3 January 2026.
Cal Athletics (26 January 2026). "California Football Announces 2026 Schedule". calbears.com. California Golden Bears Athletics.
"2026 Football Roster". California Golden Bears Athletics. Retrieved May 30, 2026.