Legislature of Ontario

Legislature of Ontario
44th Parliament of Ontario
Ontario Legislative Building at Queen's Park
Type
Type	Unicameral
Houses	Legislative Assembly
Sovereign	King of Canada, in right of Ontario (represented by the Lieutenant Governor)
History
Founded	July 1, 1867 (1867-07-01)
Preceded by	Parliament of the Province of Canada
Leadership
Monarch	Charles III September 8, 2022
Lieutenant Governor	Edith Dumont November 14, 2023
Speaker of the Legislative Assembly	Donna Skelly, PC April 14, 2025
Premier	Doug Ford, PC June 29, 2018
Leader of the Opposition	Marit Stiles, NDP February 4, 2023

The Legislature of Ontario (often colloquially referred to as the Provincial Parliament of Ontario) is the legislature of the Province of Ontario, the most populous subnational jurisdiction within Canada.

The current legislature was established in 1867 upon the creation of Ontario as one of the first four provinces at Canadian Confederation. It is one of the three successor legislatures of the Parliament of the Province of Canada (along with the Parliament of Canada and the provincial Parliament of Quebec). The legislature is composed of two elements: the lieutenant governor of Ontario (representing the King of Canada), and the elected Legislative Assembly of Ontario.

Unlike most other provinces, Ontario's provincial legislators are not referred to as members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs), having instead adopted the title of member of Provincial Parliament (MPP), a title that was formally adopted by resolution of the legislature in 1938.

The seat of the Legislature has been the Ontario Legislative Building, located in Queen's Park, an actual urban park located in the city of Toronto that was named in honour of Queen Victoria. For that reason, the term Queen's Park is used as an informal moniker for the building or the legislature itself at a variety of settings.

List of Parliaments

This is a list of Ontario's provincial parliamentary terms since the legislature's formal creation upon Canadian Confederation in 1867. For parliaments of Ontario's predecessor jurisdictions, please see:

• Parliament of the Province of Canada (1841 to 1867) (list)
• Parliament of Upper Canada (1791 to 1841) (list)

Assembly Seats/Sessions	Election (ministry formed) dissolution	Conservative/Progressive Conservative   New Democratic Party   Co-operative Commonwealth Federation   Liberal   United Farmers of Ontario   Labour
		Premier (ministry) Command of parliament		Leader of the opposition of other recognized parties		Speaker
1st Parliament 82 seats, 4 sessions	September 3, 1867 February 25, 1871		John Sandfield Macdonald (ministry)		Archibald McKellar (de facto to Feb 1870) Edward Blake (from Feb 1870)	John Stevenson
2nd Parliament 82 seats, 4 sessions	March 21, 1871					Richard Scott (1871)
	December 19, 1871		Edward Blake (ministry) 40 / 74(54%) [a]		Matthew Crooks Cameron (to 1878)	James Currie (1871–73) Rupert Wells (1874)
	October 25, 1872 December 21, 1874		Oliver Mowat (ministry) 2nd 59 / 88(67%) 3rd 51 / 88(58%) 4th 57 / 88(65%) 5th 50 / 88(57%) 6th 57 / 90(63%) 7th 55 / 91(60%) 8th 59 / 94(63%)
3rd Parliament 88 seats, 4 sessions	January 18, 1875 April 25, 1879					Rupert Wells
					William Ralph Meredith (from 1878)
4th Parliament 88 seats, 4 sessions	June 5, 1879 February 1, 1883					Charles Clarke
5th Parliament 88 seats, 3 sessions	February 27, 1883 November 15, 1886
6th Parliament 90 seats, 4 sessions	December 28, 1886 April 26, 1890					Jacob Baxter
7th Parliament 91 seats, 4 sessions	June 5, 1890 May 29, 1894					Thomas Ballantyne
8th Parliament 94 seats, 4 sessions	June 26, 1894				George Marter (to 1896)	William Balfour (to 1896)
	July 21, 1896 January 28, 1898		Arthur Hardy (ministry) 8th 62 / 93(67%) 9th 51 / 94(54%)		James Whitney	Francis Evanturel (from 1897)
9th Parliament 94 seats, 5 sessions	March 1, 1898
	October 20, 1899 April 19, 1902		George Ross (ministry) 9th    50 / 91(55%) 10th 50 / 98(51%)
10th Parliament 98 seats, 2 sessions	May 29, 1902 December 13, 1904					William Charlton
11th Parliament 98 seats, 4 sessions	January 25, 1905 May 2, 1908		James Whitney (ministry) 11th 70 / 98(71%) 12th 86 / 106(81%) 13th 82 / 106(77%) 14th 84 / 111(76%)		George Ross (to Jan 1907) George P. Graham (to Sept 1907)	Joseph St. John (to 1907)
					Alexander Grant MacKay (from Sept 1907)	Thomas Crawford (from 1907)
12th Parliament 106 seats, 3 sessions	June 8, 1908 November 13, 1911
13th Parliament 106 seats, 3 sessions	December 11, 1911 May 29, 1914				Newton Rowell (resigned 1917)	William Hoyle
14th Parliament 111 seats, 5 sessions	June 29, 1914					David Jamieson
	October 2, 1914 September 23, 1919		William Hearst (ministry) 84 / 111(76%)		William Proudfoot (from 1917)
15th Parliament 111 seats, 4 sessions	October 20, 1919 May 10, 1923		Ernest Drury (ministry) 58 /111 (52%) Walter Rollo [b]		Hartley Dewart (to 1921) Wellington Hay (1921 onward) Howard Ferguson	Nelson Parliament
16th Parliament 111 seats, 3 sessions	June 25, 1923 October 18, 1926		Howard Ferguson (ministry) 16th 75 / 111(68%) 17th 74 / 112(66%) 18th 92 / 112(82%)		W. E. N. Sinclair	Joseph Thompson
17th Parliament 112 seats, 3 sessions	December 1, 1926 September 17, 1929					William Black
18th Parliament 112 seats, 5 sessions	October 30, 1929					Thomas Kidd
	December 16, 1930 May 16, 1934		George Stewart Henry (ministry) 91 / 112(81%)
19th Parliament 90 seats, 3 sessions	June 19, 1934 August 25, 1937		Mitchell Hepburn (ministry) 19th 70 / 90(78%) 20th 66 / 90(73%)		George Stewart Henry (to 1939)	Norman Hipel(to 1938)
20th Parliament 90 seats, 8 sessions	October 6, 1937
	October 21, 1942		Gordon Daniel Conant (ministry) 62 / 84(74%)		George Drew (1939 onward)	James Clark (1939–43)
	May 18, 1943 June 30, 1943		Harry Nixon (ministry) 61 / 82(74%)
21st Parliament 90 seats, 2 sessions	August 4, 1943 Mar. 24, 1945		George Drew (ministry) 21st 38 / 90(42%) 22nd 66 / 90(73%) 23rd 53 / 90(59%)		Ted Jolliffe Harry Nixon	William James Stewart (to 1947)
22nd Parliament 90 seats, 4 sessions	June 4, 1945 April 27, 1948				Farquhar Oliver
						James Hepburn (from 1947)
23rd Parliament 90 seats, 4 sessions	June 7, 1948				Ted Jolliffe Farquhar Oliver	M.C. Davies
	October 19, 1948		Thomas Laird Kennedy (ministry) 53 / 90(59%)
	May 4, 1949 October 6, 1951		Leslie Frost (ministry) 23rd 53 / 90(59%) 24th 79 / 90(88%) 25th 83 / 98(85%) 26th 71 / 98(72%)
24th Parliament 90 seats, 5 sessions	November 22, 1951 May 2, 1955				Farquhar Oliver(to 1958)
25th Parliament 98 seats, 5 sessions	June 9, 1955 May 4, 1959					Alfred Downer
					John Wintermeyer (from 1958)
26th Parliament 98 seats, 4 sessions	June 11, 1959					William Murdoch
	November 8, 1961 Aug. 16, 1963		John Robarts (ministry) 26th 70 / 98(71%) 27th 77 / 108(71%) 28th 69 / 117(59%)
27th Parliament 108 seats, 5 sessions	September 25, 1963 September 5, 1967				Farquhar Oliver (to 1964) Andy Thompson (1964–66) Robert Nixon (from 1966)	Donald Morrow
28th Parliament 117 seats, 4 sessions	October 17, 1967				Robert Nixon Donald C. MacDonald (to 1970) Stephen Lewis (from 1970)	Frederick Cass
	Mar. 1, 1971 September 13, 1971		Bill Davis (ministry) 28th 68 / 117(58%) 29th 78 / 117(67%) 30th 51 / 125(41%) 31st   58 / 125(46%) 32nd 70 / 125(56%)
29th Parliament 117 seats, 5 sessions	October 21, 1971 Aug. 11, 1975					Allan Reuter (to 1974) Russell Rowe (from 1974)
30th Parliament 125 seats, 4 sessions	September 18, 1975 April 29, 1977				Stephen Lewis Robert Nixon (to 1976) Stuart Smith (from 1976)	Russell Rowe
31st Parliament 125 seats, 4 sessions	June 9, 1977 February 2, 1981				Stuart Smith Stephen Lewis (to 1978) Michael Cassidy (from 1978)	Jack Stokes
32nd Parliament 125 seats, 4 sessions (70 of 125 seats)	March 19, 1981				Robert Nixon (to 1982) Michael Cassidy (to 1982)	John M. Turner
	February 8, 1985 March 25, 1985		Frank Miller (ministry) 32nd 72 / 125(58%) 33rd 52 / 125(42%)		David Peterson (from 1982) Bob Rae
33rd Parliament 125 seats, 3 sessions	May 2, 1985					Hugh Edighoffer
	June 26, 1985 July 31, 1987		David Peterson (ministry) 33rd [c] 73 /125 (58%) 34th 95 / 130(73%)		Frank Miller (1985) Larry Grossman (from 1985) Bob Rae[d]
34th Parliament 130 seats, 2 sessions	September 10, 1987 July 30, 1990				Bob Rae Andy Brandt (to May 1990) Mike Harris (from May 1990)
35th Parliament 130 seats, 3 sessions	September 6, 1990 April 28, 1995		Bob Rae (ministry) 74 / 130(57%)		Robert Nixon, Murray Elston, Jim Bradley (interim, to 1992) Lyn McLeod (from 1992) Mike Harris	David Warner
36th Parliament 130 seats, 3 sessions	June 8, 1995 May 5, 1999		Mike Harris (ministry) 36th 82 / 130(63%) 37th 59 / 103(57%)		Lyn McLeod (to 1996) Dalton McGuinty (from 1996) Bob Rae (to 1996) Howard Hampton (from 1996)	Al McLean (to 1996) Edward Doyle (1996) Chris Stockwell (from 1996)
37th Parliament 103 seats, 4 sessions	June 3, 1999				Dalton McGuinty Howard Hampton	Gary Carr
	April 15, 2002 June 26, 2003		Ernie Eves (ministry) 57 / 103(55%)
38th Parliament 103 seats, 2 sessions	October 2, 2003 September 10, 2007		Dalton McGuinty (ministry) 38th 72 / 103(70%) 39th 71 / 107(66%) 40th 53 / 107(50%)		Ernie Eves (to 2004) John Tory (from 2004) Howard Hampton	Alvin Curling (to 2005) Michael A. Brown (from 2005)
39th Parliament 107 seats, 2 sessions	October 10, 2007 September 7, 2011				Bob Runciman (to 2009) Tim Hudak (from 2009) Howard Hampton (to 2009) Andrea Horwath (from 2009)	Steve Peters
40th Parliament 107 seats, 2 sessions	October 6, 2011 February 11, 2013				Tim Hudak Andrea Horwath	Dave Levac
	February 11, 2013 May 2, 2014		Kathleen Wynne (ministry) 40th 53 / 107(50%) 41st 58 / 107(54%)
41st Parliament 107 seats, 3 sessions	June 12, 2014 May 8, 2018				Jim Wilson (to 2015) Patrick Brown (2015–18) Vic Fedeli (2018) Andrea Horwath
42nd Parliament 124 seats, 2 sessions	June 7, 2018 May 3, 2022		Doug Ford (ministry) 42nd 76 / 124(61%) 43rd 83 / 124(67%) 44th 80 / 124(65%)		Andrea Horwath	Ted Arnott
43rd Parliament 124 seats, 1 session	June 2, 2022 January 28, 2025				Peter Tabuns (to Feb 2023) Marit Stiles (from 2023)
44th Parliament 124 seats, 1 session	February 27, 2025 (current parliament)				Marit Stiles John Fraser	Donna Skelly

Sources

• Ontario. "Historical Records". Past & Present MPPs. Office of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Archived from the original on March 16, 2007. Retrieved March 11, 2007.
• Ontario. "Speakers of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario". The Speaker. Office of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Archived from the original on July 4, 2007. Retrieved February 16, 2007.