Over 1000 breeds of cattle are recognized worldwide, some of which adapted to the local climate, while others were bred by humans for specialized uses.[1]
Cattle breeds fall into two main types, which are regarded as either two closely related species, or two subspecies of one species. Bos indicus (or Bos taurus indicus) cattle, commonly called zebu, are adapted to hot climates and originated in the tropical parts of the world such as India, Sub-saharan Africa, China, and Southeast Asia. Bos taurus (or Bos taurus taurus), typically referred to as "taurine" cattle, are generally adapted to cooler climates and include almost all cattle breeds originating from Europe and northern Asia.
A
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aberdeen Angus | taurus | Scotland | meat | dairy | |||
| Abergele | Ethiopia | meat | dairy | draught | |||
| Abigar | taurus | Ethiopia | dairy | ||||
| Abondance | taurus | France | meat | dairy | |||
| Abyssinian Shorthorned Zebu | indicus | Ethiopia | draught | ||||
| Aceh | indicus | Indonesia | meat | ||||
| Achham | indicus | Nepal | dairy | ||||
| Adamawa | taurus | Nigeria | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Adaptaur | taurindicine | Australia | meat | ||||
| Afar | indicus | Ethiopia | meat | dairy | |||
| Africangus | taurindicine | South Africa | meat | ||||
| Afrikaner | indicus | South Africa | meat | ||||
| Agerolese | taurus | Italy | dairy | ||||
| Alambadi | indicus | India | |||||
| Alatau | taurus | Kazakhstan | meat | dairy | |||
| Albanian | taurus | Albania | dairy | draught | |||
| Albera | taurus | Spain, France | meat | Semi-feral | |||
| Alderney | taurus | Channel Islands | dairy | ||||
| Alentejana | taurus | Portugal | meat | draught | |||
| Aleutian wild cattle | United States | Feral | |||||
| Aliad Dinka | South Sudan | ||||||
| Alistana-Sanabresa | Spain | ||||||
| Allmogekor | taurus | Sweden | meat | draught | |||
| Alur | Democratic Republic of the Congo | ||||||
| American | taurindicine | United States | meat | ||||
| American Angus | United States | meat | |||||
| American Beef Friesian | United States | ||||||
| American Brown Swiss | taurus | United States | dairy | ||||
| American Milking Devon | taurus | United States | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| American White Park | taurus | United States | meat | dairy | |||
| Amerifax | taurus | United States | meat | dairy | |||
| Amrit Mahal | indicus | India | Developed from Hallikar cattle for war purposes | ||||
| Amsterdam Island | taurus | Amsterdam Island | Feral | ||||
| Anatolian Black | taurus | Turkey | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Andalusian Black | taurus | Spain | meat | Endangered | |||
| Andalusian Blond | Spain | ||||||
| Andalusian Grey | Spain | ||||||
| Angeln | taurus | Germany | dairy | ||||
| Angoni | Malawi | ||||||
| Ankina | United States | ||||||
| Ankole | East Africa | meat | dairy | ||||
| Ankole-Watusi | indicus | United States | Show | ||||
| Aracena | Spain | ||||||
| Arado | Ethiopia | meat | dairy | draught | |||
| Argentine Criollo | taurus | Argentina | meat | dairy | |||
| Argentine Friesian | Argentina | dairy | |||||
| Armorican | taurus | France | meat | dairy | |||
| Arouquesa | taurus | Portugal | meat | dairy | |||
| Arsi | Ethiopia | ||||||
| Asturian Mountain | taurus | Spain | meat | dairy | |||
| Asturian Valley | taurus | Spain | meat | dairy | |||
| Aubrac | taurus | France | meat | dairy | |||
| Aulie-Ata | taurus | Kazakhstan | dairy | ||||
| Aure et Saint-Girons | taurus | France | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Australian Braford | taurindicine | Australia | meat | ||||
| Australian Brangus | taurindicine | Australia | meat | ||||
| Australian Charbray | taurindicine | Australia | meat | ||||
| Australian Friesian Sahiwal | taurindicine | Australia | dairy | ||||
| Australian Lowline | taurus | Australia | meat | ||||
| Australian Milking Zebu | taurindicine | Australia | dairy | ||||
| Australian Shorthorn | Australia | meat | |||||
| Austrian Simmental | Austria | ||||||
| Austrian Yellow | Austria | ||||||
| Avétonou | Togo | ||||||
| Avileña-Negra Ibérica | Spain | ||||||
| Aweil Dinka | South Sudan | ||||||
| Ayrshire | taurus | Scotland | dairy | ||||
| Azaouak | Mali | ||||||
| Azebuado | Brazil | ||||||
| Azerbaijan Zebu | Azerbaijan | ||||||
| Azores | Portugal |
B
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bachaur | indicus | India | dairy | draught | |||
| Baherie | indicus | Eritrea | meat | dairy | |||
| Bakosi | taurus | Cameroon | meat | Rituals | |||
| Balancer | taurus | United States | meat | dairy | Gelbvieh/American Angus crossbreed | ||
| Baoule | taurus | Ivory Coast | dairy | ||||
| Bargur | indicus | India | dairy | draught | Semi-wild, native to Bargur forest region, bred and grazed by the local Lingayat community | ||
| Barrosã | taurus | Portugal | meat | draught | |||
| Barzona | taurindicine | United States | meat | ||||
| Bazadaise | taurus | France | meat | ||||
| Beef Friesian | taurus | United States | meat | dairy | |||
| Beefmaker | taurindicine | United States | meat | ||||
| Beefmaster | taurindicine | United States | meat | ||||
| Begayt | Ethiopia | meat | dairy | draught | |||
| Belgian Blue | taurus | Belgium | meat | dairy | |||
| Belgian Red | taurus | Belgium, France | meat | dairy | draught | Endangered breed | |
| Belgian Red Pied | taurus | Belgium | meat | dairy | |||
| Belgian White-and-Red | taurus | Belgium | meat | dairy | |||
| Belmont Red | taurindicine | Australia | meat | ||||
| Belted Galloway | taurus | Scotland | meat | ||||
| Bernese | Switzerland | ||||||
| Berrenda | taurus | Spain | meat | dairy | draught | Sport | |
| Betizu | taurus | Spain, France | meat | draught | Semi-feral | ||
| Bianca Modenese | taurus | Italy | meat | dairy | |||
| Blaarkop | taurus | Netherlands | meat | dairy | |||
| Blanca Cacereña | taurus | Spain | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Blanco Orejinegro BON | taurus | Colombia | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Blonde d'Aquitaine | taurus | France | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Blue Albion | taurus | Great Britain | meat | ||||
| Blue Grey | taurus | Great Britain | meat | ||||
| Bohuskulla | Sweden | ||||||
| Bonsmara | taurindicine | South Africa | meat | ||||
| Boran | indicus | eastern Africa | meat | ||||
| Boškarin | taurus | Croatia, Slovenia | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Braford | taurindicine | United States | meat | ||||
| Brahman | indicus | India | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Brahmousin | taurindicine | United States | meat | draught | |||
| Brangus | taurindicine | United States | meat | ||||
| Braunvieh | taurus | Switzerland | meat | dairy | |||
| Brava | Spain | ||||||
| Bretonne Pie Noir | taurus | France | meat | dairy | |||
| British White | taurus | Great Britain | meat | dairy | |||
| British Friesian | taurus | Great Britain | dairy | ||||
| Brown Carpathian | taurus | Ukraine | |||||
| Brown Caucasian | taurus | Armenia | meat | dairy | |||
| Brown Swiss | taurus | Switzerland | dairy | ||||
| Bue Lingo | taurus | United States | meat | dairy | |||
| Burlina | taurus | Italy | dairy | ||||
| Buša | taurus |
| meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Butana | indicus | Sudan | dairy | ||||
| Bushuyev | indicus | Uzbekistan | dairy |
C
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cachena | taurus | Portugal/Spain | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Caldelana | taurus | Spain | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Camargue | taurus | France | meat | draught | Sport, semi-feral | ||
| Campbell Island | taurus | New Zealand | Feral | ||||
| Canadian Speckle Park | taurus | Canada | meat | ||||
| Canadienne | taurus | Canada | meat | dairy | |||
| Canaria | taurus | Spain | meat | draught | |||
| Canchim | taurindicine | Brazil | meat | ||||
| Caracu | taurus | Brazil | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Cárdena Andaluza | taurus | Spain | meat | draught | |||
| Carinthian Blondvieh | taurus | Austria | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Carora | taurus | Venezuelan | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Charbray | taurindicine | United States | meat | ||||
| Charolais | taurus | France | meat | draught | |||
| Chiangus | taurus | meat | |||||
| Chianina | taurus | Italy | meat | draught | |||
| Chillingham | taurus | England | Feral | ||||
| Chinese Black Pied | taurus | China | dairy | ||||
| Cholistani | indicus | Pakistan | dairy | ||||
| Cika | taurus | Slovenia | meat | dairy | |||
| Corriente | taurus | Spain | meat | dairy | draught | Sport | |
| Corsican | taurus | France | meat | Often free-ranging, semi-feral | |||
| Costeño con Cuernos | taurindicine | Colombia | meat | draught | |||
| Crioulo Lageano | Brazil |
D
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dairy Shorthorn | taurus | United Kingdom | meat | dairy | |||
| Dajal | indicus | Pakistan | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Dangi | indicus | India | draught | ||||
| Danish Black-Pied | Denmark | ||||||
| Danish Jersey | taurus | Denmark | dairy | ||||
| Danish Red | taurus | Denmark | meat | dairy | |||
| Deoni | indicus | India | dairy | draught | |||
| Devon | taurus | England | meat | dairy | |||
| Dexter | taurus | Ireland | meat | dairy | |||
| Dhanni | indicus | Pakistan | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Doayo | taurus | Cameroon | |||||
| Drakensberger | taurus | South Africa | meat | dairy | |||
| Dølafe | taurus | Norway | meat | dairy | |||
| Droughtmaster | taurindicine | Australia | meat | ||||
| Dutch Friesian | taurus | Netherlands | meat | dairy |
E
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| East Anatolian Red | taurus | dairy | |||||
| Eastern Finncattle | taurus | Finland | meat | dairy | |||
| Enderby Island | Unknown | New Zealand | Feral | ||||
| English Longhorn | taurus | England | meat | dairy | |||
| Ennstaler Bergscheck | taurus | Austria | meat | draught | |||
| Estonian Holstein | taurus | Estonia | dairy | ||||
| Estonian Native | Estonia | ||||||
| Estonian Red | taurus | Estonia | meat | dairy | |||
| Évolène | taurus | Switzerland | dairy |
F
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Finnish Ayrshire | Finland | ||||||
| Finncattle | taurus | Finland | meat | dairy | |||
| Finnish Holstein-Friesian | Finland | ||||||
| Fjäll | taurus | Sweden | meat | dairy | Also called Swedish Mountain | ||
| Fleckvieh | taurus | Austria | meat | dairy | |||
| Florida Cracker | taurus | United States | meat | ||||
| Fogera | Ethiopia | meat | dairy | draught | |||
| French Simmental | taurus | France | meat | dairy | |||
| Fribourgeoise | Switzerland | ||||||
| Friesian Red and White | taurus | meat | dairy |
G
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Galician Blond | taurus | Spain | meat | dairy | |||
| Galloway | taurus | Scotland | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Gangatiri | indicus | India | dairy | draught | |||
| Gaolao | indicus | India | dairy | draught | |||
| Garvonesa | taurus | Portugal | meat | draught | |||
| Gascon | taurus | France | meat | draught | |||
| Gelbvieh | taurus | Germany | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Georgian Mountain | taurus | Georgia | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| German Angus | taurus | Germany | meat | ||||
| German Black Pied | taurus | Germany | dairy | ||||
| German Black Pied Dairy | taurus | Germany | dairy | ||||
| German Red Pied | taurus | Germany | meat | dairy | |||
| Gir | indicus | India | dairy | ||||
| Glamorgan | taurus | England | meat | dairy | |||
| Glan | taurus | Germany | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Gloucester | taurus | England | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Gobra | indicus | Mauritania, Senegal | meat | draught | |||
| Greek Shorthorn | taurus | Greece | meat | dairy | |||
| Greek Steppe | taurus | Greece | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Greyman | taurindicine | Australia | meat | ||||
| Gudali | indicus | Iran/Persia | dairy | draught | |||
| Guernsey | taurus | Channel Islands | dairy | ||||
| Guzerá | indicus | Brazil | meat | draught |
H
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hallikar[2] | indicus | India | draught | Origin of Amrit Mahal cattle | |||
| Hanwoo | taurus | Korea | meat | draught | Cow fighting | ||
| Hariana | indicus | India | dairy | draught | |||
| Hartón del Valle | taurus | Colombia | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Harzer Rotvieh | taurus | Germany | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Hays Converter | taurus | Canada | meat | ||||
| Heck | taurus | Germany | Science | ||||
| Hereford | taurus | England | meat | ||||
| Herens | taurus | Switzerland, Italy, France | meat | Cow fighting | |||
| Highland | taurus | Scotland | meat | ||||
| Hinterwald | taurus | Germany | meat | dairy | |||
| Holando-Argentino | taurus | Argentina | meat | dairy | |||
| Holstein Friesian | taurus | Germany, the Netherlands | meat | dairy | |||
| Horro | indicus | Ethiopia | meat | draught | |||
| Huáng | taurus | China | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Hungarian Grey | taurus | Hungary | meat | draught |
I
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Icelandic | taurus | Iceland | dairy | ||||
| Illawarra | taurus | Australia | meat | dairy | |||
| Improved Red and White | taurus | Netherlands | meat | ||||
| Indo-Brazilian | indicus | meat | |||||
| Irish Moiled | taurus | Ireland | meat | dairy | |||
| Israeli Holstein | taurus | Israel | dairy | ||||
| Israeli Red | taurindicine | Israel | meat | dairy | |||
| Istoben | taurus | meat | dairy | ||||
| Istrian | see Boškarin | ||||||
J
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jamaica Black | taurindicine | Jamaica | meat | dairy | |||
| Jamaica Hope | taurindicine | Jamaica | dairy | ||||
| Jamaica Red | taurindicine | Jamaica | meat | ||||
| Japanese Black | taurus | Japan | meat | One of the four wagyu breeds | |||
| Japanese Brown | taurus | Japan | meat | One of the four wagyu breeds | |||
| Japanese Polled | taurus | Japan | meat | One of the four wagyu breeds | |||
| Japanese Shorthorn | taurus | Japan | meat | One of the four wagyu breeds | |||
| Jarmelista | taurus | Portugal | meat | draught | |||
| Javari | indicus | India | draught | ||||
| Jersey | taurus | Channel Islands | dairy | ||||
| Jutland | taurus | Denmark | meat | dairy |
K
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kabin Buri | taurindicine | Thailand | meat | dairy | Crossbreed between Brahman and Simmental | ||
| Kalmyk | taurus | Russia | meat | dairy | |||
| Kangayam | indicus | India | dairy | draught | |||
| Kankrej | indicus | India | dairy | draught | |||
| Kamphaeng Saen | taurindicine | Thailand | meat | ||||
| Karan Swiss | taurindicine | India | meat | dairy | |||
| Kasaragod Dwarf | indicus | India | dairy | draught | |||
| Kathiawadi | indicus | India | draught | ||||
| Kazakh Whiteheaded | taurus | Kazakhstan | meat | dairy | |||
| Kenana | indicus | Sudan | dairy | ||||
| Kenkatha | indicus | India | draught | ||||
| Kerry | taurus | Ireland | meat | dairy | |||
| Kherigarh | indicus | India | draught | ||||
| Khillari | indicus | India | draught | ||||
| Kholomogory | taurus | Russia | meat | dairy | |||
| Korat Wagyu | taurindicine | Thailand | meat | ||||
| Kostroma | taurus | Russia | meat | dairy | |||
| Krishna Valley | indicus | India | dairy | draught | |||
| Kuri | taurus | meat | dairy | draught | |||
| Kurgan | taurus | Russia | meat | dairy |
L
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| La Reina | taurus | Nicaragua | meat | dairy | |||
| Lakenvelder | taurus | Netherlands | dairy | ||||
| Latvian Blue | Latvia | ||||||
| Latvian Brown | taurus | Latvia | meat | dairy | |||
| Latvian Danish Red | taurus | Latvia | meat | dairy | |||
| Lebedyn | taurus | Ukraine | |||||
| Limia | taurus | Spain | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Limousin | taurus | France | meat | draught | |||
| Limpurger | taurus | meat | dairy | ||||
| Lincoln Red | taurus | England | meat | ||||
| Lynch Lineback | taurus | Canada | dairy | ||||
| Lithuanian Black-and-White | Lithuania | ||||||
| Lithuanian Light Grey | Lithuania | ||||||
| Lithuanian Red | Lithuania | meat | |||||
| Lithuanian White-Backed | Lithuania | ||||||
| Lohani | indicus | Pakistan | meat | draught | |||
| Lourdais | taurus | France | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Lucerna | taurus | South America | |||||
| Luing | taurus | Scotland | meat |
M
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Madagascar Zebu | indicus | Madagascar | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Maine-Anjou | taurus | France | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Malnad Gidda | indicus | India | dairy | draught | Semi-dwarf breed | ||
| Malvi | indicus | India | dairy | draught | |||
| Mandalong Special | taurindicine | Australia | meat | ||||
| Mantequera Leonesa | taurus | Spain | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Maraîchine | taurus | France | meat | ||||
| Maramureş Brown | Romania | ||||||
| Marchigiana | taurus | Italy | meat | draught | |||
| Maremmana | taurus | Italy | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Marinhoa | taurus | Portugal | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Maronesa | taurus | Portugal | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Masai | indicus | meat | draught | ||||
| Mashona | taurus | Zimbabwe | meat | draught | |||
| Menorquina | taurus | Spain | dairy | ||||
| Mertolenga | taurus | Portugal | meat | draught | |||
| Meuse-Rhine-Issel | taurus | Netherlands | meat | dairy | |||
| Mewati | indicus | India | dairy | draught | |||
| Milking Shorthorn | taurus | Canada, United States | meat | dairy | |||
| Minhota | taurus | Portugal | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Mirandesa | taurus | Portugal | meat | draught | |||
| Mirkadim | Bangladesh | meat | |||||
| Mocăniţă | Romania | ||||||
| Monchina | taurus | Spain | meat | draught | |||
| Mongolian | taurus | China | meat | draught | |||
| Montbéliarde | taurus | France | meat | dairy | |||
| Morucha | taurus | Spain | meat | draught | Fighting | ||
| Muturu | Taurus africanus | Nigeria | meat | dairy | |||
| Murboden | taurus | Austria | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Murciana-Levantina | taurus | Spain | meat | draught | |||
| Murnau-Werdenfels | taurus | Germany | dairy | ||||
| Murray Grey | taurus | Australia | meat |
N
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nagori | indicus | India | draught | ||||
| N'Dama | taurus | Guinea | meat | dairy | |||
| Negra Andaluza | taurus | Spain | meat | draught | |||
| Nelore | indicus | India | meat | draught | |||
| Nguni | taurindicine | Southern Africa | meat | dairy | |||
| Nimari | indicus | India | draught | ||||
| Normande | taurus | France | meat | dairy | |||
| North Bengal Grey | Bangladesh | meat | dairy | ||||
| Northern Finncattle | taurus | Finland | meat | dairy | |||
| Northern Shorthorn | taurus | Great Britain | dairy | ||||
| Norwegian Red | taurus | Norway | meat | dairy |
O
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ongole | indicus | India | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Original Simmental | taurus | Switzerland | meat | dairy |
P
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pajuna | taurus | Spain | meat | draught | |||
| Palmera | taurus | Spain | meat | draught | Sport | ||
| Pantaneiro | Brazil | ||||||
| Parda Alpina | taurus | Spain | meat | dairy | |||
| Parthenaise | taurus | France | meat | draught | |||
| Pasiega | taurus | Spain | dairy | ||||
| Pembroke | taurus | Wales | meat | dairy | |||
| Philippine Native | taurus | Philippines | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Pie Rouge des Plaines | taurus | France | dairy | ||||
| Piedmontese | taurus | Italy | meat | dairy | |||
| Pineywoods | taurus | United States | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Pinzgauer | taurus | Austria | meat | dairy | |||
| Pirenaica | taurus | Spain, France | meat | draught | |||
| Podolac | taurus | Croatia | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Podolica | taurus | Italy | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Polish Black-and-White | Poland | ||||||
| Polish Red | taurus | Poland | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Polled Hereford | taurus | England | meat | ||||
| Poll Shorthorn | taurus | Australia | meat | ||||
| Polled Shorthorn | taurus | United States | meat | ||||
| Ponwar | indicus | India | draught | ||||
| Preta | taurus | Portugal | meat | draught | |||
| Prim'Holstein[note 1] | taurus | France | meat | dairy | |||
| Punganur | indicus | India | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Pulikulam | indicus | India | dairy | draught | Jallikattu | ||
| Pustertaler Sprinzen | taurus | Italy | meat |
Q
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qinchaun | taurus | China | meat | draught |
R
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ramo Grande | taurus | Portugal | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Randall | taurus | United States | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Raramuri Criollo | taurus | Chihuahua, Mexico | meat | dairy | |||
| Rathi | indicus | India [3] | dairy | draught | Domestic | ||
| Rätisches Grauvieh | taurus | Switzerland | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Raya | Ethiopia | meat | dairy | draught | |||
| Red Angus | taurus | Scotland | meat | dairy | |||
| Red Brangus | taurindicine | meat | |||||
| Red Chittagong | indicus | Bangladesh[4] | draught | Good reproductive performance | |||
| Red Fulani | taurindicine | West Africa | meat | ||||
| Red Gorbatov | taurus | Russia | dairy | ||||
| Red Holstein | taurus | dairy | |||||
| Red Kandhari | indicus | India | draught | Domestic | |||
| Red Mingrelian | Georgia | meat | dairy | ||||
| Red Poll | taurus | England | meat | dairy | |||
| Red Polled Østland | taurus | Norway | meat | dairy | |||
| Red Sindhi | indicus | Pakistan | meat | dairy | |||
| Retinta | taurus | meat | draught | ||||
| Riggit Galloway | taurus | meat | |||||
| Ringamåla | taurus | Sweden | dairy | ||||
| Romagnola | taurus | Italy | meat | draught | |||
| Romanian Bălțata | Romania | ||||||
| Romanian Grey | Romania | ||||||
| Romosinuano | taurus | Colombia | meat | ||||
| Russian Black Pied | taurus | Russia | meat | dairy | draught |
S
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sahiwal | indicus | Pakistan | meat | dairy | |||
| Sibi Bhagnari | indicus | Sibi, Pakistan | meat | draught | Sibi Mela | ||
| Salers | taurus | France | meat | draught | |||
| Salorn | taurus | United States | meat | ||||
| Sanga | taurindicine | meat | |||||
| Sanhe | taurus | China | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Santa Cruz | taurindicine | United States | meat | ||||
| Santa Gertrudis | taurindicine | United States | meat | ||||
| Sayaguesa | taurus | Spain | meat | draught | |||
| Senepol | taurindicine | meat | |||||
| Serbian Pied | taurus | Serbia | dairy | ||||
| Serbian Steppe | taurus | Serbia | draught | ||||
| Sheko | Ethiopia | ||||||
| Shetland | taurus | Scotland | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Shorthorn | taurus | England | meat | ||||
| Siboney de Cuba | taurindicine | Cuba | meat | draught | |||
| Simbrah | taurindicine | meat | |||||
| Simford | taurus | meat | |||||
| Simmental | taurus | Switzerland | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Siri | indicus | Bhutan | dairy | draught | |||
| South Devon | taurus | England | meat | dairy | |||
| Spanish Fighting Bull | taurus | Spain | meat | Sport | |||
| Speckle Park | taurus | Canada | meat | ||||
| Square Meater | taurus | Australia | meat | ||||
| Stabiliser | taurus | United States | meat | ||||
| Sudanese Fulani | indicus | Mali | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Sussex | taurus | England | meat | ||||
| Swedish Friesian | taurus | Sweden | dairy | ||||
| Swedish Polled | taurus | Sweden | dairy | ||||
| Swedish Red Pied | taurus | Sweden | dairy | ||||
| Swedish Red Polled | taurus | Sweden | meat | dairy | |||
| Swedish Red-and-White | taurus | Sweden | meat | dairy |
T
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tabapuã | indicus | Brazil | meat | dairy | Draught | ||
| Tarentaise | taurus | France | meat | dairy | |||
| Tasmanian Grey | taurus | Australia | meat | ||||
| Telemark | taurus | Norway | meat | dairy | |||
| Texas Longhorn | taurus | United States | meat | dairy | |||
| Texon | taurus | United States | meat | ||||
| Thai Black | taurindicine | Thailand | meat | ||||
| Thai Fighting Bull | indicus | Thailand | Sport | ||||
| Thai Friesian | taurindicine | Thailand | dairy | ||||
| Thai Milking Zebu | taurindicine | Thailand | dairy | ||||
| Tharparkar | indicus | India/ Pakistan[5] | dairy | draught | |||
| Tswana | taurus | Botswana | meat | dairy | |||
| Tudanca | taurus | Spain | meat | dairy | draught | Grazing projects, rewilding | |
| Tuli | taurus | Zimbabwe | meat | dairy | |||
| Tulim | taurindicine | South-Africa | meat | ||||
| Turkish Grey Steppe | taurus | meat | draught | ||||
| Tux-Zillertal | taurus | Austria | meat | ||||
| Tyrol Grey | taurus | Austria | meat | dairy |
U
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Umblachery | indicus | India | dairy | draught | |||
| Ukrainian Grey | taurus | Ukraine |
V
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Valdostana Castana | Italy | ||||||
| Valdostana Pezzata Nera | Italy | ||||||
| Valdostana Pezzata Rossa | Italy | ||||||
| Väneko | Sweden | ||||||
| Vaynol | taurus | Wales | meat | ||||
| Vechur[6] | indicus | India | dairy | Milk and ghee traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine. The protein content of the milk has anti-bacterial properties[7][8] | |||
| Vestland Fjord | taurus | Norway | meat | dairy | |||
| Vestland Red Polled | taurus | Norway | meat | dairy | |||
| Vianesa | taurus | meat | dairy | ||||
| Volinian Beef | Ukraine | meat | |||||
| Vorderwald | taurus | Germany | meat | dairy | |||
| Vosgienne | taurus | France | meat | dairy |
W
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Waguli | taurus | USA | meat | ||||
| Wangus | taurindicine | meat | |||||
| Welsh Black | taurus | Wales | meat | ||||
| Western Finncattle | taurus | Finland | meat | dairy | |||
| White Cáceres | taurus | Spain | meat | draught | |||
| White Fulani | indicus | Cameroon, Nigeria | meat | ||||
| White Lamphun | indicus | Thailand | draught | ||||
| White Park | taurus | Great Britain | meat | dairy | |||
| Whitebred Shorthorn | taurus | Great Britain | meat |
X
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xinjiang Brown | taurus | meat | dairy | draught |
Y
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yakutian | taurus | Russia | meat | dairy | draught | ||
| Yanbian | taurus | China | draught | ||||
| Yanhuang | taurindicine | China | |||||
| Yurino | taurus | Ukraine |
Hybrids
In some parts of the world further species of cattle are found (both as wild and domesticated animals), and some of these are related so closely to taurine and indicus cattle that interspecies hybrids have been bred. Examples include the Dwarf Lulu cattle of the mountains of Nepal, which bears yak blood;[9] the Beefalo of North America, with bison genes; and the Selembu breed of India and Bhutan, with gayal genes. The Madura breed of Indonesia may have banteng in its parentage.[10] In addition to these fertile hybrids, there are sterile hybrids such as the male Dzo of Nepal, a cattle-yak hybrid which is bred for agricultural work; like the mule and the hinny, they have to be continually bred from both of the parent species.
| Breed | Image | Subspecies | Country/region of origin | Meat | Dairy | Draught | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| American Breed | taurus/indicus/American bison | United States | meat | ||||
| Beefalo | taurus/American bison | United States | meat | ||||
| Dwarf Lulu | taurus/indicus/yak | ||||||
| Madura | indicus/banteng | Indonesia | meat | dairy | draught | Racing | |
| Selembu | indicus/gaur | meat | dairy | ||||
| Żubroń | taurus/European bison | Poland | Meat | Science |
See also
Notes
- Holstein Friesian subtype
References
- Marleen Felius (September 2007). Cattle Breeds: An Encyclopedia. Trafalgar Square Publishing. ISBN 978-1-57076-381-6.
- "Native cow varieties of India - Biodiversity of India: A Wiki Resource for Indian Biodiversity". www.biodiversityofindia.org.
- "Rathi - India: Suratgarh Rajasthan
- "A.K. Fazlul Haque Bhuiyan, Department of Animal Breeding & Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, BANGLADESH"
- Sharma, Amit Kumar; et al. (2004). "Molecular Characterization of Rathi and Tharparkar Indigenous Cattle (Bos indicus) Breeds by RAPD-PCR". Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 17 (9): 1204–1209. doi:10.5713/ajas.2004.1204.
- Nair, Madhavan (31 July 2010). "Milk of the indigenous Vechur cow beneficial to health". The Hindu – via www.thehindu.com.
- Pillai, R. Ramabhadran (8 January 2012). "Study points to medicinal value of Vechur cow milk". The Hindu – via www.thehindu.com.
- "Medicinal property of Vechur cow milk confirmed". News18. 5 January 2012.
- Takeda, K.; Satoh M.; Neopane S.P.; Kuwar B.S.; Joshi H.D.; Shrestha N.P.; Fujise H.; Tasai M.; Tagami T.; Hanada H. (April 2004). "Mitochondrial DNA analysis of Nepalese domestic dwarf cattle Lulu". Animal Science Journal. 75 (2): 103–110(8). doi:10.1111/j.1740-0929.2004.00163.x.
- Lenstra, J.A.; D.G. Bradley (June 1999). Systematics and Phylogeny of Cattle. CABI Pub. ISBN 978-0-85199-258-7.
External links
- Breeds of Cattle – Oklahoma State University
- Breeds of Cattle – Cattle.com
- Breeds of Cattle – Cow World (archived 19 January 2017)
- Cattle Breeds – Embryoplus.com (archived 29 November 2013)
- Breeds of Cattle – Official 2nd Edition
- Cattle Breeds of the World
- Portuguese Cattle Breeds (archived 17 January 2016)
- EuReCa – Towards self-sustainable EUropean, REgional CAttle breeds
- Native cow varieties of India