List of development aid sovereign state donors

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International development aid is given by many non-private donors. The first table is based on official development assistance (ODA) figures published by the OECD for members of its Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Non-DAC members included in the OECD's publishing are listed separately.

Luxembourg made the largest contribution as a percentage of gross national income (GNI) at 1.05% and the United Nations’ ODA target of 0.7% of GNI was also exceeded by Norway (1.02%), Sweden (0.99%) and Denmark (0.71%).[1] The European Union accumulated a higher portion of GDP as a form of foreign aid than any other economic union.[2]

The United States is a small contributor relative to GNI (0.22% 2022[3]) but is the largest single DAC donor of ODA in 2022 (US$55.3 billion), followed by Germany (0.8% GNI, US$35.0 billion), France (0.7%, US$19.5 billion) and Japan (0.3%, US$17.3 billion).[4] Many providers beyond the DAC have long traditions of development cooperation. Amongst these, according to the preliminary figures for 2019 reported to the OECD, Turkey exceeded the 0.7% ODA/GNI target with 1.15%.[1]

Net official development assistance by donor

To qualify as official development assistance, a contribution must contain three elements:

  1. Be undertaken by the official sector (that is, a government or government agency);
  2. With promotion of economic development and welfare as the main objective;
  3. At concessional financial terms (that is, with favorable loan terms.)

Thus, by definition, ODA does not include private donations, nor any development loans at market rates. The sum of contributions by EU member states, considered separately from EU institutions, was over $70 billion.[5] The OECD's Development Assistance Committee members' total budget reached around 150 billion dollars and was contributed by the following donors in 2019:[1]

Donor Total development aid
(millions $)		 Development aid
per capita ($)		 % of GNI DAC member Ref.
Argentina Argentina 3,300 68.23 0.62 No
Australia 2,950 129.92 0.22 Yes
Austria 1,210 137.59 0.27 Yes
Belgium 2,180 167.20 0.42 Yes
Brazil Brazil 10,800 54.77 0.56 No
Bulgaria 130 20.00 0.20 No
Canada 6,400 170.25 0.27 Yes [6]
Chile Chile 1,700 76.23 0.58 No
China China 38,000 27.86 0.36 No [7][8][9]
Croatia 50 12.00 0.14 No
Czech Republic 310 18.85 0.13 Yes
Denmark 2,550 447.05 0.71 Yes
Estonia 40 23.00 0.13 No
European Union 14,827 27.03 – Yes [a][10]
Finland 1,130 234.13 0.42 Yes
France 19,570 294.18 0.78 Yes [11]
Germany 35,020 417.36 0.83 Yes [12]
Greece 310 25.04 0.14 Yes
Hungary 150 15.00 0.10 No
Iceland 70 120.29 0.27 Yes
India 33,000 21.24 0.65 No [b][13][14]
Ireland 940 151.20 0.31 Yes
Israel 1,120 96.00 0.07 No
Italy 4,900 63.38 0.24 Yes
Japan 17,470 137.58 0.39 Yes [15]
Latvia 30 10.00 0.10 No
Lithuania 60 14.00 0.11 No
Luxembourg 470 609.48 1.05 Yes
Malta 40 22.00 0.30 No
Mexico Mexico 5,500 38.77 0.46 No
Netherlands 5,290 338.38 0.59 Yes
New Zealand 560 90.75 0.28 Yes
Norway 4,290 812.58 1.02 Yes
Poland 680 11.45 0.12 Yes
Portugal 370 30.07 0.16 Yes
Qatar Qatar 2,000 757.80 1.17 No [16]
Romania 411 22.00 0.14 No
Russia 1,140 8.00 0.03 No
Slovak Republic 130 16.56 0.12 Yes
Slovenia 90 29.04 0.16 Yes
South Korea 2,520 37.13 0.15 Yes
Spain 2,900 44.52 0.21 Yes
Sweden 5,400 701.10 0.99 Yes
 Switzerland 4,290 421.37 0.44 Yes
Taiwan 502 21.30 0.07 No [17][18][19][20]
Turkey 8,652 47.00 1.15 No
United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates 12,240 467.00 0.55 No
United Kingdom 5,750 87.12 0.18 Yes [21]
United States 55,270 165.47 0.22 Yes [22]

See also

Notes

  1. Excluding EU members.
  2. $2.4 billion grants + $30.59 billion LOC

References

  1. ODA-2019-detailed-summary https://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-data/ODA-2019-detailed-summary.pdf
  2. Hunt, Michael (2014). The World Transformed 1945 to the Present. New York: New York. pp. 516–517. ISBN 9780199371020.
  3. "ODA Levels in 2022 – preliminary data Detailed summary note" (PDF). 2023-09-26. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  4. "ODA Levels in 2022 – preliminary data Detailed summary note" (PDF). 2023-09-26. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  5. OECD 2016.
  6. "Foreign Aid Portal".
  7. Jennings, Ralph. "China Is Giving More Foreign Aid Than It Gets". Forbes. Retrieved 2018-02-20.
  8. Chandran, Nyshka (2017-10-13). "5 charts that show how China is spending billions in foreign aid". CNBC. Retrieved 2018-02-20.
  9. Hatton, Celia (2017-10-11). "China's secret aid empire uncovered". BBC News. Retrieved 2018-02-20.
  10. OECD 2016, p. 3, "In 2015, total net ODA from the 28 EU member states was USD 74 billion, representing 0.47% of their GNI. Net disbursements by EU Institutions were USD 13.8 billion, a slight fall of 0.5% in real terms compared to 2014.".
  11. "ODA Levels in 2022 – preliminary data Detailed summary note" (PDF). 2023-09-26. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  12. "ODA Levels in 2022 – preliminary data Detailed summary note" (PDF). 2023-09-26. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  13. "Line of Credit for Development work in foreign countries". Ministry of External Affairs. 2021-02-05. Retrieved 2021-02-05.
  14. "Emerging power India gives more aid than it receives". 22 March 2017.
  15. "ODA Levels in 2022 – preliminary data Detailed summary note" (PDF). 2023-09-26. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  16. "Qatar's annual development aid stands at $2bn, says minister". Gulf-Times (in Arabic). 2017-11-19. Retrieved 2018-02-20.
  17. MOFA. "Official Development Assistance". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Taiwan).
  18. Bonnie Glick (2022-11-30). "A Revamped Taiwanese Approach to Foreign Assistance". Global Taiwan Brief. 7 (23). Global Taiwan Institute: 7–9.
  19. David Merkle (2021-07-05). "A Dynamic Player in East Asia". International Reports (2). Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung: 68–77.
  20. Alain Guilloux (2016-08-09). "Taiwan's humanitarian aid/disaster relief: Wither or prosper?". Taiwan-U.S. Quarterly Analysis. Brookings Institution's Center for East Asia Policy Studies.
  21. "ODA Levels in 2022 – preliminary data Detailed summary note" (PDF). 2023-09-26. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  22. "ODA Levels in 2022 – preliminary data Detailed summary note" (PDF). 2023-09-26. Retrieved 2023-09-26.

Bibliography