| Oshumare | |
|---|---|
| |
| Member of Orisha | |
An Umbandista dressed as Oshumare during the National Folklore Festival, Olímpia. | |
| Other names | Oṣumare or Oshumare; Ochumaré or Oxumaré |
| Venerated in | Yoruba religion, Umbanda, Candomble, Santeria, Haitian Vodou, Folk Catholicism |
| Symbol |
|
| Color |
|
| Region | Yorubaland, Latin America |
| Ethnic group | Yoruba |
Oshumare[1][2] (known as Oxumaré in Brazil[2] or Ochumaré in Cuba/Haiti/Puerto Rico[3]) is an Orisha.[2][4] Oshumare is the divine serpent spirit of the rainbow.[1][2]
"Òṣùmàrè" in the Yoruba language signifies both the intangible "rainbow" and the mythic serpent that devours its own tail.[5] Òṣùmàrè is also symbolically represented by the python (ere),[6] thus also referred to as a "celestial python";[7]. There also seems to be some connection to the Yoruba celestial deity Olódùmarè, whose name might be etymologically derived from ere (snake/python).[8]
The oshumare of the Yoruba is somewhat equivalent to the "Dan Aìdó-huedó" (Ayida Wedo) of the Fon people of Benin,[9] however, even closer parallels are evident in the Brazilian orixa Oxumare which derives directly from the Yoruba orisha Oshumare, and the Haitian Iwa Damballa Aida Wedo which descends from the Fon vodun Aida Wedo.[2]
See also
References
Citations
- Vega, Marta Moreno (2002). "The Candomblé and Eshu-Eleggua in Brazilian and Cuban Yoruba-Based Ritual". In Harrison, Paul Carter; Walker, Victor Leo, II; Edwards, Gus (eds.). Black theatre: ritual performance in the African diaspora. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. p. 156. ISBN 978-1-56639-944-9. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
- Rush, Dana (Winter 2001). "Contemporary Vodun Arts of Ouidah, Benin". African Arts. 34 (4). Nanzan University: 45. doi:10.2307/3337805. JSTOR 3337805.
- Brown, David H. (2021). "3. Myths of the Yoruba Past". Santería Enthroned: Art, Ritual, and Innovation in an Afro-Cuban Religion. Taylor & Francis. p. 141. ISBN 9781000124378.
- Washington, Teresa N. (2010). "Nickels in the Nation Sack : Continuity in Africana Spiritual Technologies". The Journal of Pan African Studies. 3 (4): 5–28.
- Washington, Teresa N. (2015). Our mothers, our powers, our texts: manifestations of Àjé in Africana literature. Oya's Tornado. pp. 43–44. ISBN 978-0-9910730-5-4.
- Lawal (2008), p. 26.
- Lawal (2008), p. 27.
- Lawal (2008), pp. 26–27, quoted and paraphrased in Odwirafo Kwesi Ra Nehem Ptah Akhan (no date) NYANKOPON and NYANKONTON - RA and RAIT, p. 15.
- Roberts, Allen F. (April 1992). "Chance Encounters, Ironic Collage". African Arts. 25 (2): 54–63, 97–98. doi:10.2307/3337060. JSTOR 3337060.
Bibliography
- Lawal, Babatunde (2008). "Èjìwàpò: The Dialectics of Twoness in Yoruba Art and Culture". African Arts. 41 (1): 24–39. doi:10.1162/afar.2008.41.1.24. ISSN 0001-9933. S2CID 57564389.