In topology, the Prüfer manifold or Prüfer surface is a 2-dimensional Hausdorff real analytic manifold that is not paracompact. It was introduced by Tibor Radó in 1925 and named after Heinz Prüfer.[1]
Construction
The Prüfer manifold can be constructed as follows:[2] take an uncountable number of copies
(
X
a
)
a
∈
R
{\displaystyle (X_{a})_{a\in \mathbb {R} }}
of the plane, and take a copy
H
{\displaystyle H}
of the upper half-plane. Then glue the open upper half of each plane
X
a
{\displaystyle X_{a}}
to the upper half plane
H
{\displaystyle H}
by identifying
(
x
,
y
)
∈
X
a
{\displaystyle (x,y)\in X_{a}}
for
y
>
0
{\displaystyle y>0}
with the point
(
a
+
y
x
,
y
)
{\displaystyle (a+yx,y)}
in
H
{\displaystyle H}
. The resulting quotient space
Q
{\displaystyle Q}
is the Prüfer manifold. The images in
Q
{\displaystyle Q}
of the points
(
0
,
0
)
{\displaystyle (0,0)}
of the spaces
X
a
{\displaystyle X_{a}}
under identification form an uncountable discrete subset.
See also
References
- Radó, T. (1925). "Über den Begriff der Riemannschen Flächen" (PDF). Acta Litt. Sci. Szeged. 2 (2): 101–121.
- Spivak (1999), appendix A.
- Radó, T. (1925). "Über den Begriff der Riemannschen Flächen" (PDF). Acta Litt. Sci. Szeged. 2 (2): 101–121.
- Solomentsev, E.D. (2001) [1994], "Prüfer surface", Encyclopedia of Mathematics, EMS Press
- Spivak, Michael (1999) [1970]. A Comprehensive Introduction to Differential Geometry. Vol. 1 (3rd ed.). Houston: Publish or Perish. ISBN 9780914098706.