San Juan | |
|---|---|
 Collage of San Juan | |
| Nickname: "Oasis City" | |
  San Juan Location in Argentina | |
| Coordinates: 31°32′03″S 68°31′34″W / 31.53417°S 68.52611°W / -31.53417; -68.52611 | |
| Country |  Argentina |
| Province |  San Juan |
| Department | Capital Department |
| Settled | 1562 |
| Founder | Juan Jufré |
| Government | |
| • Intendant | Susana Laciar (PyT) |
| Area | |
| 30 km2 (12 sq mi) | |
| Elevation | 640 m (2,100 ft) |
| Population (2010 census) | |
| • Density | 3,759.3/km2 (9,737/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 109,123 |
| • Metro | 453,000 |
| • Demonym | sanjuanino |
| Time zone | UTC−3 (ART) |
| CPA Base | J 5400 |
| Area code | +54 264 |
| Website | Official website |
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San Juan (Spanish pronunciation: [saŋ ˈxwan]) is the capital and largest city of the Argentine province of San Juan in the Cuyo region, located in the Tulúm Valley, west of the San Juan River, at 650 m (2,133 ft) above mean sea level, with a population of around 112,000 as per the 2001 census [INDEC] (over 500,000 in the metropolitan area).
In agriculture, wine is economically important.
The 1944 San Juan earthquake on January 15 killed around 10,000 people and left half of the provincial population homeless.[1]
Geography
The city of San Juan is located in a fertile valley within a rocky mountainous area. Winter temperatures are generally mild, averaging between 1 °C (33.8 °F) and 16 °C (60.8 °F), but can drop below −9 °C (15.8 °F). Summers are hot, with average temperatures between 19 °C (66.2 °F) and 35 °C (95.0 °F), and a record maximum of 46.7 °C (116.1 °F) on December 20, 1995.[2] Sunny weather is common in all months and San Juan averages about 3,361.3 hours of bright sunshine, or about 76% of possible sunshine,[3] ranging from a low of 68% in June to a high of 81% possible sunshine in May.[4][5] Under the Köppen climate classification, San Juan has a desert climate (BWh/BWk).
| Climate data for San Juan Airport, Argentina (1991–2020, extremes 1961–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 45.4 (113.7) |
45.1 (113.2) |
42.1 (107.8) |
39.3 (102.7) |
38.1 (100.6) |
37.6 (99.7) |
36.6 (97.9) |
38.5 (101.3) |
41.8 (107.2) |
42.5 (108.5) |
44.5 (112.1) |
46.7 (116.1) |
46.7 (116.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 35.1 (95.2) |
33.3 (91.9) |
30.5 (86.9) |
25.3 (77.5) |
20.5 (68.9) |
17.3 (63.1) |
16.7 (62.1) |
20.3 (68.5) |
23.8 (74.8) |
27.9 (82.2) |
31.6 (88.9) |
34.4 (93.9) |
26.4 (79.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 27.3 (81.1) |
25.6 (78.1) |
22.8 (73.0) |
17.3 (63.1) |
12.3 (54.1) |
8.4 (47.1) |
7.5 (45.5) |
10.7 (51.3) |
14.9 (58.8) |
19.6 (67.3) |
23.5 (74.3) |
26.4 (79.5) |
18.0 (64.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 19.8 (67.6) |
18.4 (65.1) |
16.1 (61.0) |
10.9 (51.6) |
6.0 (42.8) |
1.5 (34.7) |
0.3 (32.5) |
2.7 (36.9) |
6.6 (43.9) |
11.3 (52.3) |
15.0 (59.0) |
18.0 (64.4) |
10.5 (50.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 7.8 (46.0) |
7.5 (45.5) |
2.5 (36.5) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
−9.2 (15.4) |
−9.0 (15.8) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
2.1 (35.8) |
6.5 (43.7) |
−9.2 (15.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 17.4 (0.69) |
22.5 (0.89) |
10.8 (0.43) |
4.6 (0.18) |
3.4 (0.13) |
1.8 (0.07) |
1.3 (0.05) |
2.6 (0.10) |
3.7 (0.15) |
2.9 (0.11) |
7.2 (0.28) |
12.4 (0.49) |
90.6 (3.57) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 3.5 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 17.6 |
| Average snowy days | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 43.0 | 46.9 | 52.6 | 57.3 | 62.2 | 60.2 | 55.1 | 45.5 | 40.8 | 38.8 | 38.2 | 38.1 | 48.2 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 313.1 | 274.0 | 272.8 | 234.0 | 213.9 | 201.0 | 226.3 | 248.0 | 252.0 | 291.4 | 315.0 | 319.3 | 3,160.8 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 10.1 | 9.7 | 8.8 | 7.8 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 7.3 | 8.0 | 8.4 | 9.4 | 10.5 | 10.3 | 8.7 |
| Percentage possible sunshine | 78 | 78 | 74 | 81 | 71 | 68 | 75 | 74 | 74 | 76 | 79 | 80 | 76 |
| Source 1: Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (snow 1991–2000)[6][7][8][9] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: UNLP (percent sun 1971–1980)[10] | |||||||||||||
Since very little rain falls in the region, the San Juan River has been dammed to provide a regular source of water to the city. The resulting reservoir is located in Ullum, and is known as the Quebrada de Ullum Dam. The dam also provides electrical power to the region.
Sixty-five percent of the surrounding area's agricultural production is related to wine production.
Notable sites
The San Juan de Cuyo Cathedral was completed in 1979.
Wine
San Juan is ranked second among the wine-producing provinces of Argentina. It has a cultivated area of 116,700 acres at altitudes of between 1,970 (601m) and 4,590 feet (1399m) above sea level. This region specializes in Syrah, Malbec, Cabernet Sauvignon, Bonarda, Chardonnay and Torrontés.[11] Because of this area's semi-desert climate, viticulture is dependent on irrigation from the San Juan and Jáchal Rivers.[12]
Notable residents
- Bandoneon musician, composer, and arranger Juan Pablo Jofre was born and raised in San Juan before relocating to New York City.[13]
- César Garipe (born 1981), Argentine former professional footballer
- Henry Martin (born 1965), racing driver
- Telma Reca (1904–1979), pioneer in child and adolescent psychology and psychiatry was born in San Juan.
- Borja Toranzo (1759-1847), leading participant in the May Revolution
- Ricardo Zunino (born 1949), racing driver
References
- Patricia Alvarado y Mauro Sáez. ESTUDIO SISMOLÓGICO E HISTÓRICO DEL TERREMOTO DE SAN JUAN, ARGENTINA DEL 15 DE ENERO DE 1944. Conicet y Departamento de Geofísica y Astronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan.
- "San Juan, San Jaun". Estadísticas meteorológicas decadiales (in Spanish). Oficina de Riesgo Agropecuario. Retrieved April 14, 2015.
- "Datos bioclimáticos de 173 localidades argentinas–Anuales". Atlas Bioclimáticos (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
- "Datos bioclimáticos de 173 localidades argentinas–Mayo". Atlas Bioclimáticos (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
- "Datos bioclimáticos de 173 localidades argentinas–Junio". Atlas Bioclimáticos (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
- "Estadísticas Climatológicas Normales - período 1991-2020" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Archived from the original on 3 March 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
- "Estadísticas Climatológicas Normales – período 1991–2020" (PDF) (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. 2023. Archived from the original on 8 July 2023. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
- "Estadística climatológica de la República Argentina Período 1991-2000" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Archived from the original on 9 May 2023. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
- "Clima en la Argentina: Guia Climática por San Juan Aero". Caracterización: Estadísticas de largo plazo (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 6 April 2023.
- "Datos bioclimáticos de 173 localidades argentinas". Atlas Bioclimáticos (in Spanish). Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
- "Argentina - Wines Of Argentina". www.winesofargentina.org. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
- "Wine-Searcher. Human race only please ..." www.wine-searcher.com. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
- Kozinn, Allan (23 June 2013). "Taking a 'Poor Man's Church Organ' to Heavenly Heights". Music. New York Times. Retrieved 24 March 2014.
External links
- Página Oficial de la Provincia de San Juan (Spanish)
- Municipality of San Juan Archived 2014-10-31 at the Wayback Machine - Official website.
- Municipal information: Municipal Affairs Federal Institute (IFAM), Municipal Affairs Secretariat, Ministry of Interior, Argentina. (in Spanish)
31°32′03″S 68°31′34″W / 31.53417°S 68.52611°W / -31.53417; -68.52611