| Strabomantidae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Noblella pygmaea | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Clade: | Brachycephaloidea |
| Family: | Strabomantidae Hedges, Duellman & Heinicke, 2008 |
The Strabomantidae, sometimes called cloud forest landfrogs, are a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living larval stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets".[1][2] This family includes Pristimantis, the most speciose genus of any vertebrate.[3] Based on molecular dating, the Holoadeninae in particular appears to have originated in the Eocene.[4] The Oligocene-Miocene transition was also found to be important to their biogeographical history.[4] However, the lack of Holoadeninae fossils and limited nucleotide data ambiguates the results, by the authors' admission.[4]
Systematics
The following subfamilies and genera are in the family Strabomantidae.[5][6]
- Holoadeninae
- Bahius Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021
- Barycholos Heyer, 1969
- Bryophryne Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008
- Euparkerella Griffiths, 1959
- Holoaden Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920
- Microkayla De la Riva, Chaparro, Castroviejo-Fisher, and Padial, 2017
- Noblella Barbour, 1930
- Phyllonastes Heyer, 1977
- Psychrophrynella Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008
- Qosqophryne Catenazzi, Mamani, Lehr, and von May 2020
- Urkuphryne Ortega et al., 2025
- Hypodactylinae
- Niceforonia Goin and Cochran, 1963
- Pristimantinae
- Lynchius Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008
- Oreobates Jiménez de la Espada, 1872
- Phrynopus Peters, 1873
- Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870
- Serranobatrachus Arroyo, Targino, Rueda-Solano, Daza-R., and Grant, 2022
- Tachiramantis Heinicke, Barrio-Amorós, and Hedges, 2015
- Yunganastes Padial, Castroviejo-Fisher, Köhler, Domic, and De la Riva, 2007
- Strabomantinae
- Strabomantis Peters, 1863
References
- Lehr, Edgar; Catenazzi, Alessandro (2009). "A New Species of Minute Noblella (Anura: Strabomantidae) from Southern Peru: The Smallest Frog of the Andes". Copeia. 2009: 148–156. doi:10.1643/CH-07-270. S2CID 86120577.
- "AmphibiaWeb – Strabomantidae".
- "Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870 | Amphibian Species of the World". amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
- Chaves, Júlio C. M.; Hepp, Fábio; Schrago, Carlos G.; Mello, Beatriz (2 October 2024). "A time-calibrated phylogeny of the diversification of Holoadeninae frogs". Frontiers in Bioinformatics. 4. doi:10.3389/fbinf.2024.1441373. ISSN 2673-7647. PMC 11480671.
- Frost, Darrel R. (2008). "Strabomantidae Hedges, Duellman, and Heinecke". Amphibian Species of the World, an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History, New York. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
- Ortega, Jhael A; Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F; Camper, Jeffrey D; Romero-Carvajal, Andrés; Negrete, Leonardo; Ron, Santiago R (13 January 2025). "Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 203 (1). zlae162. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae162. ISSN 0024-4082.
External links
Data related to Strabomantidae at Wikispecies